Introduction to Sociology: The Concept of Deviance Essay

Understanding that society has unavoidably essential impacts on what is regarded degenerate or not fundamentally decreases the disarray that flourish concerning the subject. This paper presents this suspicion and accentuates the relevant works of a few specialists in the field. Ahmad and Rosenhan in their different treatises attempt to advance persuading confirmations and contentions with regards to their particular positions. Basically, this paper clarifies the remain of Ahmad and the revelations and ends drawn by the trial performed by Rosenhan. Culture, statement of faith or strict influences unavoidably are essential to the conduct of individuals which might be the benchmarks with which individuals base their activities, dynamic and decisions (Navada, 2009). II. Part 2 SUMMARY AND ANALYSIS The accompanying inquiries will support the peruser and understudy to make target decisions on a few key issues with respect to their attitude toward issues. The thought is that abnormality as indicated by society’s directs can and will represent the deciding moment certain methods of living, likely driving even to the obliteration of various individuals as the culprits would see their casualties. Ahmad seems splendid with respect to how he sought after the contentions concerning the legitimacy of the West’s claims about who are psychological oppressors. The substance of his article was that the issue with society is that it has no perpetual meaning of an idea specifically. In the issue of psychological warfare, when it happened that a gathering of individuals or a nation esteemed another lesser persuasive as far as politicking, at that point the more compelling or ground-breaking an individual is, the more he or his gathering establishes the pace of profound quality and morals: what is good and moral rely on the level of insatiability and narrow-mindedness of people. Rosenhan shows that being crazy can't be really controlled by whatever instrument or device, or by what is directed as the â€Å"normal bend. † The sort of study he made was a top to bottom one and brings rude awakening to the individuals truly associated with psychological sickness and reestablishing wellbeing. There were numerous perceptions that to be sure were substantial including the way that grave obligation lies with the leader of these emergency clinics or associations whose demonstrating or model mean passing or life, recuperation or genuine madness for the individual patient. 1. Ahmad’s Article The perspective of Ahmad (1998) concisely portrayed in his article Terrorism: Theirs and Ours' must be perused with as much as the evacuation of hued â€Å"glasses† which might be an obstacle as to getting this author’s perspective. It implies that sifting his thoughts through one’s individual inclinations and point of view may not be a generally excellent thought by any means. Or maybe, a Jewish individual with his own contentions should most likely imagine first that he is along the edge of the essayist and later interpretation of his personality and perspectives (Ahmad, 1998). What is the author’s point recorded as a hard copy the paper? Ahmad essentially expresses that psychological warfare relies totally upon who’s profited by the activity particularly in amazing scale (Ahmad, 1998). On account of Palestine and Israel, and on the world’s stage, fear based oppression can't be credited as such for whatever length of time that the West, for example, the United States stays in such a grandiose situation as a superpower. Their strength and clout spell domain and their own meaning of what fear mongering. Contemporary milieu shows that since the Palestinian individuals are not on the American side as indicated by Ahmad, at that point this specific gathering of individuals has no state; and at whatever point they wage war, it isn't named as a nationalistic battle. Or maybe, it is fear mongering. Ahmad additionally implied that America and its relationship to persuasive countries can be viewed as sham and the showcase of worry as act (Ahmad, 1998). How does the creator demonstrate his point? The utilization of rationale or potentially deductive thinking was the means by which the creator Ahmad attempted to convince his crowd (Ahmad, 1998). What proof do they use to demonstrate their point? Ahmad made sure that recorded proof backings his contentions well. He used the news and article cuts and different sources to advance the charges that during the occasions that Israel was not yet a State, Jewish uprisings were acceptably known as psychological warfare. Confirmations from print interchanges at that point pivoted which made Palestinian revolts as works of fear mongers (Ahmad, 1998). What do their discoveries state about abnormality and society all in all? Ahmad’s contentions just set that abnormality is directed by governmental issues and force (Navada, 2009; Ahmad, 1998). The reality in some random society, the belief system that pervades is one that is held by those in places of power, riches and influence. On account of the presence of the Jewish State or that of the Palestinian character, he contends that in their separate â€Å"reigns† these two races the rise of the term fear mongering is characterized by the perspective of each. At the point when the Palestinians were involving the spot, Jewish reformers or the Jewish want for a nation spoke to a danger and was portrayed as psychological oppression; their pioneers, called fear based oppressors. Aberrance, typicality, or anomaly are terms characteristically basic to society as the meaning of the terms lays on the individuals overseeing an especially society or establishment. It is most likely right to think and reach inferences that Mr. Ahmad is correct concerning this perspective (Ahmad, 1998). In any case, it is totally something else when fear keeps on being created in different spots of the world by the immense system built up by individuals of comparative influences. It would be completely shortsighted to think along carefully along the line of believed that Mr. Ahmad was thinking (Ahmad, 1998). The universe of people is in many cases erratic, changing and wondrously energizing. Be that as it may, when these characteristics become very strange and agonizingly inconvenient, people become wiped out and stressed over how much can different people bear to perpetrate hurt against them. Self destruction bombarding is, if not the most, one of the most frightful acts anyone can submit. It is through and through insane and idiotic. One must be adjacent to the ordinary to be engaging such an idea at the top of the priority list. Incidentally, fan who have submitted and endeavored self destruction bombings before, were esteemed ordinary until the day when the execution of their definitive plans were made open whether thwarted or finished. Individuals who are burdened with mental turmoil may, as others, travel for similar reasons †excursion, visiting companions or family members, business, amusement, and once in a while for strict or otherworldly center (Miller and Zarcone, 1968). Others surely may go for reasons other than the typical †for reasons activated by deformed mental state, for example, the men who did the 911 assault of the Twin Towers in New York. Along the 911 assault, self destruction shelling through airplane came to unmistakable quality bringing about the blending of the mindfulness among the worldwide open of the way that the ordinary voyager probably won't be that â€Å"regular† at any rate. It is likely that some of them are driven by over the top annoyance or propelled by utopic trust as educated in the networks wherein they have vowed their life loyalty (Silke, 2003). 2. Rosenhan research What is the author’s point recorded as a hard copy the paper? Rosenhan’s advancement (1973) in mental establishments was an extremely fascinating and mysteriously crude to the psyches of figures or individuals who are in helping calling (Rosenhan, 1973). It is basic and contributes a touchy fiber to a tremendous foundation that obliges psychological maladjustment. There might be provisos with respect to how the examination was done including moral issues to human cooperation however the outcomes and the techniques were â€Å"loudspeakers† and are viewed as noteworthy to naming and the finding of the dysfunctional behavior (Rosenhan, 1973). How does the creator demonstrate his point? Rosenhan demonstrated his point by immediate and firsthand encounters of individuals who were members in the examination (Rosenhan, 1973). What proof do they use to demonstrate their point? With the exhaustive treatment of information got from these individual participant’s perceptions, he made speculations and ends concerning the state or state of the Mental Institutions, the capacities and proficiency of Mental Health Professionals were being referred to. His discoveries which were steady to an enormous degree with a large number of his volunteers’ perceptions push the issue of legitimate determination and marking, utilization of demonstrative standards, the capacities and capabilities and hard working attitudes of individuals rehearsing in the psychological well-being field to the front and posture as challenge to the sort of calling being taken care of here (Rosenhan, 1973). What do their discoveries state about abnormality and society all in all? Explicit things watched particularly critical to causing speculations in the order to incorporate the period of time that medical attendants, specialists and above all, the therapists and analysts go through with patients. By exact proof basis alone, the training radically misses the mark on this angle. In the territory of conclusion and ensuing intercession quantifies, the underlying appraisals, depiction viewpoint assume a significant job henceforth can never be consigned to a minor spot in the training. Psychological maladjustment at that point or aberrance so far as that is concerned depends on numerous issues brought out in the trial (Rosenhan, 1973; Navada, 2009). III. REFERENCE PAGE Ahmad, Eqbal (1998). 'Terrorism:Theirs and Ours. ' Accessed June 13, 2009 online at http://www. sangam. organization/ANALYSIS/Ahmad. htm Gordon, Harvey, Mike Kingham, Tony Goodwin (2004).. Air travel by travelers with mental turmoil. Mental Bulletin 28:295-297. The Royal College of Psychiatrists. Jourad, Sydney (1963). Individual Adjustment. second Ed. New York: MacMillan Company. Navada, Marianne Ryan-Go (2009). Standards of Sociology; Chapter 8, pp. 1-4. Gotten to June 13, 2009 online at http://book. gonavada. com/html/Chap

Cell Structure (Bio slp Mod 1) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cell Structure (Bio slp Mod 1) - Essay Example Furthermore, most of prokaryotes are unicellular with an exemption of a couple of, for example, cyanobacteria while eukaryotes are multicellular. These are single-celled prokaryotic creatures that vary from microbes and eukaryota from various perspectives. Their size and shape take after that of microorganisms however contain qualities and metabolic procedures like those in eukaryotes. In contrast to microorganisms, some archaea have sporadic shapes. These are prokaryotic living beings that get their vitality from inorganic sources. They are partitioned into two significant gatherings; ammonium oxidizing microscopic organisms (AOB) that oxidize alkali to nitrite, and nitrate oxidizing microbes (NOB), which oxidize nitrite to nitrate. Instances of the AOB bunch are the Nitrosomonas Sp while Nitrobacter Sp have a place with the NOB gathering. These are chemolithotrophs microorganisms that use ammonium as a wellspring of vitality. They oxidize smelling salts to nitrite. Models incorporate the Nitrosomonas, Nitrosococcus, Nitrosospira, and Nitrosolobus species. Gram negative microorganisms are microbes that have a dainty peptidoglycan (polymer) lattice, which includes the cell layer of the creature. Thusly these microorganisms don't hold the precious stone violet color utilized in gram recoloring procedure. Then again, gram positive microscopic organisms contain a thick layer of this polymer grid, subsequently hold the essential stain in gram recoloring giving them purple appearance. These are natural mixes comprising of carbon and hydrogen components. These mixes are inexhaustible in nature and happen for the most part as unrefined petroleum. Hydrocarbons, accordingly, are the primary wellspring of vitality promptly accessible as a burnable fuel. This is a logical examine that utilizes the utilization of live living beings to decide the organic movement of a test substance. These tests are helpful in researching the impacts (harmfulness) of a component accidently presented in a biological system. For example, the impact

Sustainability Education Provides a Reason to Hope COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Sustainability Education Provides a Reason to Hope COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog SIPA Professor Steve Cohen recently authored a piece which appeared in the Huffington Post. The full article is here and a short excerpt is below.   You can also find an interview with Professor Cohen concerning our Energy and Environmental Studies program by clicking here. While oil continues to ooze into the Gulf of Mexico and the climate bill remains stalled in the Senate, I might be delusional, but I am feeling optimistic about our planets prospects. It helps to work at a university, and it especially helps to participate in graduation ceremonies like the ones I attended here at Columbia this past week. While this years job market remains tough for our graduates, it is not nearly as horrific as the market faced by the class of 2009. The energy and idealism of our graduates is infectious and should be a source of hope for everyone.

Hope and the American Dream Portrayed in Fitzgeralds The...

â€Å"The Great Gatsby†, written by F. Scott Fitzgerald, portrays a world filled with rich societal happenings, love affairs, and corruption. Nick Carraway is the engaged narrator of the book, a curious choice considering that he is in a different class and almost in a different world than Gatsby and the other characters. Nick relates the plot of the story to the reader as a member of Gatsby’s circle. He has ambivalent feelings towards Gatsby, despising his personality and corrupted dream but feeling drawn to Gatsby’s magnificent capacity to hope. Using Nick as a moral guide, Fitzgerald attempts to guide readers on a journey through the novel to illustrate the corruption and failure of the American Dream. To achieve this, Nick’s credentials as†¦show more content†¦His narrating is very open and he brilliantly sets up the story. But Nick’s credentials as a trustworthy narrator continue to be reinforced throughout the story, as a way of reass uring readers that Nick remains decent while the rest of the characters continue on their downfall. The meeting with Jordan Baker causes Nick to once again mention the topic of honesty. When he learned of her cheating in a golf tournament, Nick declared, â€Å"She was incurably dishonest† pg 58. This manifests a contrast between Jordan and Nick when a few lines later he says of himself â€Å"I am one of the few honest people that I have ever known.† Pg 59. Nick let his honesty shine through when he admitted to himself that Jordan was a very selfish, greedy, and cynical person, but he loved her nonetheless. He did not feel the need to lie to himself and the readers in order to make Jordan sound amiable. Such an act shows that Nick remains unchanged even in the presence of a charming and rich lady. Nick also remained unchanged and declined the opportunity to earn ‘easy money’ offered to him by Gatsby through Meyer Wolfsheim. â€Å"I’ve got my hands full† pg 80 Nick answered when he realized that the money â€Å"was obviously and tactlessly fo r a service to be rendered† pg 80. The chaste Nick is shown in sharp contrast to the depraved and criminal Wolfsheim, fortifying Nick’s image as aShow MoreRelatedF. Scott Fitzgerald : The Jazz Age And The Great Gatsby1364 Words   |  6 PagesF. Scott Fitzgerald is one of the few known writers of the twenties. The American writer is given credit for the term ‘Jazz Age,’ immortalizing the glamorous world of wild parties of the upper social classes. With Fitzgerald’s work being described as poetic, it often contain underlying social or capitalistic characteristics rooted in spectacular imagery. The various aspects of Fitzgerald’s work allow for analysis on several levels and from differing perspectives, while functioning as a mirror throughRead More Symbols and Symbolism in The Great Gatsby Essay1207 Words   |  5 PagesSymbolism in The Great Gatsby       Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby has more relevance in today’s society than it did when it was written. With the recent societal trend that emphasizes lack of morals and material wealth over a meaningful existence, Fitzgerald’s message really hits home. Which is more important - money or love? Social status or being true to oneself? Fitzgerald uses metaphor and symbols to great effect in order to illustrate what can happen when the pursuit of happinessRead More Use of Metaphor, Symbols and Symbolism in The Great Gatsby Essay1307 Words   |  6 PagesUse of Metaphor and Symbolism in The Great Gatsby      Ã‚     Some novels have more of an impact in modern society than when they were originally written. This is especially true with Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby. Modern society can be termed corrupt, complete with tainted morals and an overemphasis on the acquisition of money and friends. Fitzgerald seeks the root of the problem and wants the reader to ponder whether he or she wants money and social status or fulfillment and truth. In his questRead MoreThe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald930 Words   |  4 PagesF. Scott Fitzgerald is mostly known for his images of young, rich, immoral individuals pursuing the American Dream of the 1920’s (Mangum). This image is best portrayed in his greatest novel, The Great Gatsby, alongside his principal themes, â€Å"lost hope, the corruption of innocence by money, and the impossibility of recapturing the past† (Witkoski). Fitzgerald was identified as a modern period writer because his themes and topics were inconsist ent with traditional writing (Rahn). The modern periodRead MoreThe Tale of a Society Through Fitzgerald Essay1258 Words   |  6 Pagesliterary voice. He made impressions everywhere with the supreme achievement of his third novel, The Great Gatsby. This novel is a tale of people’s sensational lives in the 1920’s. Fitzgerald uses The Great Gatsby to exemplify the American identity during the early twentieth century. Fitzgerald uses symbolism and other narrative techniques to illustrate the materialistic chase of the American dream by upper-class society in the 20s. Before one can fully analyze the way in which Fitzgerald wroteRead MoreEssay on â€Å"Jay Gatsby Is a Man for Our Times†1213 Words   |  5 Pagestalk about the American Dream, and want to tell the world about the American Dream, but what is the dream, in most cases, but the dream of material things? I sometimes think that the United States for this reason is the greatest failure the world has ever seen.† -Eugene O’Neil Through various pieces of literature, including F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby, the words of Eugene O’Neil are undeniably and vividly illustrated valid on innumerable occasions. The American Dream, dissectedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Great Gatsby And I Too, Sing America979 Words   |  4 Pagesthus allowing writers to be spokespeople of their times. From The Great Gatsby to The Crucible to â€Å"I, Too, Sing America,† each author has expressed the values, critiques of society and traits of their times through their stories and poems. During the early 1920’s, America experienced a post-war economic growth, which increased the average income of an American home. This allowed big businesses to rise and the growth of the American Dream, the idea that anyone can succeed through law abiding hard workRead MoreHumanities Through the Arts: Artistic Criticism Essay examples1063 Words   |  5 Pagesfocused on self-indulgence and happiness like never before. The Great Gatsby, written by F. Scott Fitzgerald, is the ideal portrayal of this time era. In a time shortly after war, this novel captures the audience, forcing them to participate in the setting and with the characters. Jay Gatsby, the focal point of this novel, is used as a representation of this era in American history and as an example of the pursuit of the American Dream. Fitzgerald uses vivid diction that captivates the reader andRead MoreThe Defiance Of Gender Stereotypes933 Words   |  4 PagesThe Defiance of Gender Stereotypes in Fitzgerald†™s, The Great Gatsby Throughout the 1920’s, before Women’s Suffrage, women were viewed as inferior, as well as subordinate to males because of many years of patriarchal dominance. In F. Scott Fitzgerald’s, The Great Gatsby, women are seen as lesser by the male characters, yet show a great sense of power and domination over the actions and storyline. The major plotline of Gatsby’s love for Daisy and the American Dream circulates around the mere factor ofRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby Essay1490 Words   |  6 Pagessense, F. Scott Fitzgerald’s ‘The Great Gatsby’ seems to suggest that Gatsby s rags-to-riches success story makes him an embodiment of the American Dream. However, upon deeper of his character has yielded that there are aspects of Jay Gatsby that call into question his so called success. As a result, I have concluded that F.Scott Fitzgerald’s novel, although still displays the overarching theme that is the American Dream i t, in fact, portrays ‘The disintegration of the American dream’ through the character

The Bitter Truth A Brief Look at Lying - 688 Words

The Bitter Truth From the moment we learned to speak, our parents taught us that we should be honest. Most people don’t seem to follow this teaching since everyone lies in one way or another. Bella DePaulo, a professor who’s studied the phenomenon of lying, conducted an experiment on one hundred forty-four people. They were instructed to record every lie they told in a journal for a week. Only seven people claimed to have told no lie (â€Å"It’s the Truth†). Honesty is a moral duty, which can only be disobeyed in certain situations. What exactly is a â€Å"lie†? A lie is â€Å"an intentional untruthful declaration to another person† as defined by the eighteenth century German philosopher, Immanuel Kant (qtd. in Bok). This untruthful declaration harms everyone involved in the situation, including the liar. Brad Blanton, a psychotherapist and an author of a book on lying, said in an interview that lying keeps you locked in the jail of your own mind, while delivering the truth is easier, takes less time, and is less stressful (Ballinger). White lies are small lies intended to spare the feelings of the subject. These are justified in some cases. For example, telling your sister that her newborn baby is really cute when the baby actually isnt very cute at all (yourdictionary.com). If you told her the truth, her feelings would have been hurt and your relationship would have been history. Then there are the other kinds of white lies, the unnecessary ones. For example, telling your motherShow MoreRelatedHamlet as a Revenge Tragedy Essay examples1285 Words   |  6 PagesHamlet as a Revenge Tragedy Revenge tragedy was a brief sub genre of tragedy at the end of the sixteenth century, despite some clashes with the teachings of the church. In a revenge tragedy a crime, normally murder, has gone unpunished, because the criminal has too much power and cannot be reached by the law. This fact is revealed by a ghost to someone closely connected with the victim, laying on him the responsibility to revenge the crime. The revenger is usually anRead MoreAesthetic Analysis1788 Words   |  8 Pagesneither. It should be an art space which is distinct from the real world, a refuge, a sanctuary, it creates space where objects can exist and the subjects of paintings can live. When you look at all of these different definitions of art it seems to be hard to choose only one to define art, because you can find truth in all the definitions. Art simply stated is a piece, a picture or a scene that can move you to emotion, can teach you what it is saying and what it is all about and it is something thatRead MoreShort Story2283 Words   |  10 Pagesapply for internship in germany, and I was accepted. So he went to pursue his dream, he was an alpinist in his heart.† She takes another pull of smoke, the brief moment is enough for her eyes to wander back to the stone. â€Å"He died alone, In the cold.† I know there’s more to it, but the rest is not meant for me, it’s hers to know. I take a look at my hand, the cigarette rests between my fingers, a steady stream of smoke rising from its edge. Is this all we are? Fuel to be burned away with time, onlyRead MoreFilm Analysis: Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind1968 Words   |  8 Pagesregret his agreement to the procedure and desperately tries to cling onto the happiest moments of his life. The scene directly before the sequence I have chosen is a memory of the first and only time that Joel was so happy he could â€Å"die right now†; lying on the frozen Charles with Clementine. The mise-en-scà ©ne of this sequence is expansive, firstly illustrating the trivial way people regard memory loss, and then contrasts this to the importance of retaining one’s memories; the good and the bad. JoelRead MorePoetic Devices and Poems3332 Words   |  14 Pagesexpression or a quality in the thing perceived. In both cases, irony involves the perception of discrepancy, usually between apparent and real significance. It is an indirect way of communicating an attitude. Irony can vary in tone, from humorous to bitter. Example- Rime of the Ancient Mariner by Samuel Taylor Coleridge: â€Å"Water, water, every where, and all the boards did shrink; Water, water, every where, nor any drop to drink.† Diction: choice of words. A writing style may vary according to theRead MoreThe Woman - Original Writing11096 Words   |  45 Pagesover him. But her smile faded as she saw his azure eyes staring at the ceiling blankly, his face grim and expressionless. When can I see you again? she heaved velvety, placing a teasing hand against his chest. The man looked at her with a brief cool look, his face still grim and expressionless. He remained silent, his eyes staring dully at the ceiling. You know you re gorgeous, she whispered huskily, planting a small kiss to his shoulder and ignoring his silence. Absolutely gorgeous. TheRead MoreAnalysis Of The Novel Mrs. Dalloway2371 Words   |  10 PagesThis lack of knowledge is the sacrifice she made by agreeing to conform to social norms of gender and despite recognizing the fact that she has conformed, there remains a sense of regret, as noted by her bitter response towards a memory of Peter calling her the perfect hostess. It is an unpleasant truth that she is still not comfortable with, otherwise she would not harbour such feelings towards Peter’s comment. Yet this is the life Clarissa has chosen for herself, one of high class and financial safetyRead MoreThe Adventures Of Tom Sawyer2307 Words   |  10 Pagessociality had gradually changed his mannerisms, and how while he still preferred the â€Å"old ways† (that he still occasionally partook in) he genuinely did not mind the new ones. A small, yet seemingly important and foreshadowing to Huckleberry follows this brief â€Å"confidence† of Huckleberry’s into the reader: aft er Huckleberry spills salt (an omen of bad luck), the Widow Douglas prevents him from engaging in the warding ritual to reverse said luck. Huckleberry is nervous and wary of the consequences from thisRead MoreMacbeth as a Play About the Conflict Between Good and Evil Essay2248 Words   |  9 Pagestwo seemingly contradictory impressions of Macbeth. The first is created by the witches in the initial scene; the fact that they speak of him, mars our previously untainted opinion of him. His character is blemished simply through his brief association with the witches - There to meet with Macbeth. Indeed, any audience of Shakespeares time would have strongly felt that Macbeth was at least partly evil if witches knew of him. Contrastingly, the first report of MacbethRead More The Crucible by Arthur Miller Essay4991 Words   |  20 PagesSalem, vengeance is walking Salem. Discuss the real evil in Salem, who contributed to it and their motives who do you blame the most? Before I begin to tell you my opinion on who was to blame, and my reasoning for saying so, I will give you a brief insight into the real point of Arthur Millers play, The Crucible. Arthur Miller first produced his play in 1953, in the middle of the McCarthy political witch-hunt, although the story had applied for playwright for many years prior to this.

To what extent and in what ways is Fitzgerald purely critical of Gatsby Free Essays

string(46) " off as much of his material worth as he can\." Dreams are a large part of â€Å"The Great Gatsby†, both in the wider sense and in terms of individuals, and Gatsby is the character whose dream is focussed on the most. It is difficult to tell what Fitzgerald truly thinks, due to the fact that he uses Nick as the narrator – meaning the reader finds it hard to separate their feelings. However, by looking at how he presents the characters in the novel, and the society as a whole, we can perhaps see what Fitzgerald thinks about Gatsby’s dreams in the novel. We will write a custom essay sample on To what extent and in what ways is Fitzgerald purely critical of Gatsby? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Fitzgerald’s views are presented ambiguously in the novel, with the comparison to the rest of society being the main point against the title views, and the presentation of Daisy and materialism perhaps being the main arguments to support the statement in the title. One way in which Fitzgerald shows his views to the reader is in his presentation of Gatsby’s dream itself, otherwise known as Daisy. From the beginning of the novel, she is presented by Fitzgerald as a rather annoying, simple character who seems to have very few redeeming qualities about her other than her looks. From her simple and repeated dialogue â€Å"Do you always watch for the longest day of the year and then miss it? I always watch for the longest day of the year and then miss it†, the reader is made to feel that Daisy has very little substance to her character, with the exception of her â€Å"low, thrilling† voice. Despite the reader having a screen in front of Fitzgerald’s viewpoint in terms of Nick as the narrator, who clearly Fitzgerald intends to show as somewhat drawn to Daisy, we are still able to see that the only characteristics of Daisy’s that are praised seem to be superficial. Therefore, when we are told that this woman has been Gatsby’s dream and who he has built his life around for the past five years, it perhaps makes us question whether Fitzgerald is trying to portray Daisy as worthwhile of this dedication. This doubt arises I feel that if Fitzgerald was applauding Gatsby’s dream of Daisy, he perhaps may have presented her as a more likeable, intelligent character with qualities that could easily be admired universally. As a result of this portrayal of Daisy, I believe it shows Fitzgerald to be mainly critical of Gatsby and his dream. However, this could depend on the era that the individual is based in – readers today could find Daisy as more of an annoyance due to the change in women’s roles, in that today women are far more independent and take far more responsibility than they did in the 1920’s. Daisy’s apparent simple nature may therefore annoy modern readers more than in the past as we are less able to understand that this was how women were expected to be in the 1920’s. Nevertheless, even taking these time changes into account I believe that Fitzgerald still intended Daisy to appear perhaps lacking in typical good qualities to highlight a potential point about Gatsby’s dream. However, Daisy’s apparent lack of appeal as a character could be used by Fitzgerald to portray Gatsby’s dream in a better light, if we look from the angle of his loyalty to Daisy. The way that Gatsby has stayed so faithful and loyal to his dream to be with Daisy, despite (in our eyes) the fact that she is not worth it, could show that Fitzgerald is praising his dream as a cause of this admirable quality in Gatsby’s character. This would go against the statement that Fitzgerald is purely critical of his dreams, as it would imply that they bring out the best in people. However, the other interpretation of Gatsby’s loyalty could support the title statement, as Fitzgerald at times implies that Gatsby is foolish for holding on to the memory of Daisy, and building her up to such a high status in his mind. An example of this is when Fitzgerald writes â€Å"and forever wed his unutterable visions to her perishable breath†. Although it is implied that it is Gatsby who says the words, I still believe it shows Fitzgerald’s dislike of Gatsby’s attitude towards Daisy by making the phrase so exaggerated – it implies that he is blinded by his past perceptions of her, in addition to the actual phrase that seems to imply Gatsby is foolish for putting all his hopes into someone who could leave him. I believe that in this way Fitzgerald is criticising Gatsby’s dream because of how he holds it in his mind and how it affects him. Another aspect that could show that Fitzgerald is critical is how he links Gatsby’s dream of Daisy to material objects and status. Throughout the novel, he creates the impression that these two things are intertwined in Gatsby’s mind with his dream of being with Daisy. He describes her voice as â€Å"full of money†, and shows off his house to her, lingering on his wardrobe with the â€Å"pile of shirts [†¦ ] in many coloured disarray†. The first quote shows how Gatsby links Daisy with money in his mind, and as a result of this Fitzgerald makes the reader question whether it is really Daisy he wants or if it is the social status that she represents to him. The close link to materialism in his dream can also be seen in the section where Gatsby shows Daisy his shirts, where he is literally trying to prove himself to her using what he owns. They are even described as a â€Å"rich heap†, which I believe could be a play on words by Fitzgerald – obviously â€Å"rich† in terms of the colours of the shirts, but also literally â€Å"rich† as perhaps this is what the shirts mean to the characters. The description is also given as a list – the frequent repetition of the word â€Å"and† in the paragraph also implies that Gatsby is showing off as much of his material worth as he can. You read "To what extent and in what ways is Fitzgerald purely critical of Gatsby?" in category "Papers" I think both of these things are a criticism of Gatsby’s dream by Fitzgerald, as it seems as if he is trying to say that this love he has had for Daisy all these years is really fuelled by status and money – a criticism because it therefore becomes even less of a worthwhile dream. It also appears to be critical as these links would imply that Gatsby has spent all this time chasing after a somewhat empty dream, as he has money and a certain amount of status in his community. It could also give the impression that Fitzgerald feels that Gatsby may never feel that his dream has been completely fulfilled if it is status that he wishes to have. This point could be linked to Fitzgerald’s overall views about dreams in America at that point, as he could be trying to say that these people who think that material objects and status will make them happy (perhaps those people who were or are enticed by a vision of the American Dream) will never be truly happy as there will always be somebody richer, more popular or at a higher status than themselves. If the reader links this point to Fitzgerald’s feelings about Gatsby’s dream, it would indicate that he is critical of it for the most part. A second quote that could show that Fitzgerald is critical of this intense build-up of dreams is on page 93; â€Å"No amount of fire or freshness can challenge what a man can store up in his ghostly heart†. I believe that this quote is Fitzgerald telling the reader that what is there in reality can never match our dreams – in Gatsby’s case, that the real life Daisy can never live up to the image he has stored of her in his heart and mind, the realistic approach being represented by the â€Å"fire† and â€Å"freshness†. Again, I believe that this is also referring to dreams in general, and how it is so often the case that dreams are not always so amazing in reality, and can often disappoint – and could perhaps be a specific reference to the â€Å"American Dream† and how, for many people, this is not as amazing as it is built up to be when achieved. This seems critical from Fitzgerald, both of Gatsby’s dream and of dreams universally as he appears to be making the point that dreams are often built up and aimed too high – perhaps giving false hope. Although there are many aspects throughout the book that indicate Fitzgerald is solely critical of Gatsby’s dream, by giving us the comparison to the rest of the East Coast society, parts of the novel seem to be suggesting that this is not the case. Throughout the novel, the residents of the East and West Eggs have been presented by Fitzgerald as very materialistic – living for objects, and trivial gossip, rather than people or feelings. Mrs Wilson describes how she knew Mr Wilson wasn’t right for her when she discovered he had â€Å"borrowed somebody’s best suit† to get married in – showing the focus on objects rather than feelings in the society. Therefore, amongst the gossiping and whispering (for example at Gatsby’s parties), to have Gatsby focused on someone and loyal to someone for an extended period of time makes for a very refreshing comparison. Fitzgerald is therefore showing to the reader how having dreams can make you a better person, and almost more real in comparison to the rest of the society, which has been portrayed as somewhat fake by Fitzgerald. In this sense, it would go against the statement that Fitzgerald is purely critical of Gatsby’s dream, as this seem to be a positive side to his dreams. Another element of the novel that could be seen to contradict the title statement is also a comparison between Gatsby and the rest of the East Coast society. We are shown throughout the novel how many of the residents do not seem to care about anything, anyone or consequences of their actions. An example of this is Jordan, who confesses to Nick that she feels she can avoid being careful whilst driving because â€Å"other people will keep out of† her way. This shows a disregard for the consequences of her actions and of other people and can be seen to be representative of many of the upper class people on the East Coast – expecting everyone else to comply with the rules and regulations but disregarding them themselves. Again, in this way Gatsby is definitely a contrast – he obviously cares about something, which is the first main difference that I believe Fitzgerald wants us to see. In addition to this, Gatsby has been shown to think very carefully about the consequences of his actions – for example when he re-enters Nick’s house after Daisy arrives to make it appear as if he has not been waiting. Whilst this could be seen as somewhat calculating, I believe Fitzgerald intended it as another comparison to the rest of society, as it again uplifting for the reader to see that at least one character is concerned about the effect his actions might have on others. This once more shows that the effect of Gatsby having a bigger dream and ambition in his life has led to him seemingly being portrayed as a better person. This aspect of the comparison would also contradict the title statement, as to me it seems that Fitzgerald wished for this positive difference to be shown – meaning that he would not be purely critical of Gatsby’s dreams. A view that Fitzgerald seems to put across to contradict the belief that he is purely critical is when he links dreaming and dreams to vitality and life. More than once in the novel he describes Gatsby in terms of the life Daisy seems to give him – describing the â€Å"colossal vitality† of his dream and the two of them as â€Å"possessed by intense life†. Both of these quotes seem to imply that Fitzgerald dreaming is natural, and is almost what makes you human. More specifically, the way that Fitzgerald implies that reaching his dream has given Gatsby life makes it seem as if we are completed by our dreams and that finally having Daisy in his life has completed Gatsby. Considering that Gatsby has already what many people might dream of – a lot of money and a mansion, the fact that it has taken his sentimental dream based on feelings and love to give him life seems a very positive view from Fitzgerald. It also links to the earlier comparison between Gatsby and the rest of the East Coast society that we view, as this clearly shows that Gatsby puts more emphasis on emotions and feelings than many of the other people. These quotes from the book could possibly be taken as negative, as it could perhaps be seen as somewhat pathetic that Gatsby relies on somebody else (and, as mentioned earlier, particularly Daisy) to complete his happiness, meaning that Fitzgerald would perhaps view Gatsby as foolish. However, I believe that the way Fitzgerald has tried to make Gatsby’s dreams and feelings seem more natural are a direct pointer to how dreaming is a part of human nature, and as such, he is not criticising Gatsby’s dream at this point. Due to Fitzgerald’s seeming disregard for Daisy in the novel, I believe that he is critical of Gatsby’s dream to be with her. However, I believe the other aspects of his presentation linking to dreams in a wider context prevent this view from seeming as if he is purely critical of it – the way that he suggests dreams are important to human nature and separate Gatsby from the crowd imply that Fitzgerald finds dreaming admirable, to an extent. For him to be purely critical I believe that he would have to feel purely critical of dreaming in general, which I believe not to be the case. Therefore, I believe the conclusion that Fitzgerald is critical to an extent is far more feasible and takes into account the more positive aspects of dreaming that he seems to incorporate and believe in. How to cite To what extent and in what ways is Fitzgerald purely critical of Gatsby?, Papers

Network Intrusion Detection on Poractive Mechanism

Question: Discuss about the Network Intrusion Detection on Poractive Mechanism. Answer: Introduction: Before a detailed discussion about the issue of social engineering on the context of cyber security is done, it is very important to understand what social engineering connotes. It is a skill of manoeuvring individuals in such a manner that they end up compromising upon the private and secret information they possess. The kind of data that these hackers try to take out of the people is different and circumstantial. Generally these criminals are trying to ploy to get hold of passwords and bank account details or get an access to the system so as to inject malware and thus get a hold over ones system. Therefore criminals and attackers usually take recourse into social engineering methods as they find it easy to take advantage of the trust people entrust on a person. The biggest problem that can be understood is the blind trust that a person puts upon another thereby ending up disclosing such information which are highly confidential in nature ((Kumar et.al. 2015). Thus without knowing the background of a person thoroughly, if a person is being trusted then there are high chances of facing vulnerable consequences. There are various ways and means through which social engineering attacks in context to cyber security are being made. First and one of the easiest ways is by sending emails. If the attacker gets hold of an email password of a person, then he can get an access to the entire contact list as well and many a times a way to even hack the bank accounts as well. Thus once the hacker has a particular email id under his control then he may end up sending mails from that id to the people stored in the contact list containing such malicious software or illegitimate data such as asking for donation for a charitable trust(Conteh Schmick 2016). The attacker may send a link to the contact list people and they trusting the fact that it has come from their friend, may end up opening the same which would lead to giving access to the criminal to the other persons system as well. Second technique is known as phishing wherein the attacker usually sends mails, comments or such text messages that seem to have been sent via a lawful and trustworthy source. Such messages may contain information about any incident, or requesting for help or even making a person feel that he has won a lottery (Rader, Rahman, 2013). These two are the most common ways of attacking the peoples trust. There are various ways corroborated to deal with such social engineering cyber attacks. One of the most common is education and awareness. People should be educated and trained from time to time not to disclose their confidential data to anyone but only for themselves. Further data should not be shared via messenger or chats or phone calls to person they do not know or whose activities create suspicion in our minds. If any mail is being received from a person who is unknown, such mails should be immediately deleted or if it has come from a known source but seems to be unusual evsoftware. en then the same should not be clicked as it may be a malware attack. One should not click on links which mentions incorrect spellings or is not from the official website of the companies. Further to his one of the recent techniques adopted by various companies to deal with the issue of baiting is blocking of insertion of USB devices as baiting is known to be the digital equivalent of an online Trojan Horse wherein the criminals prompt illegal messages luring the users to plug in their USB devices and in turn hack the system (Perlman 2014). Lastly, the future of data hacking is so strong and detrimental that a twin authentication factoring is a must so as to make it very difficult for the attackers to become a part of the organizations IT system. Prior to understanding the meaning and schemes of symmetric and asymmetric encryption it is crucial to know the meaning of encryption. The said term is being used since ancient times for security purposes during war times. It basically is a procedure of encoding messages so as to fool the other parties. Thus in terms of information system it is rightly said to be a method of converting normal text data into such a form with the help of varying algorithms so that it is not understandable by any layman. Thus it is a methodology basically used for safeguarding confidential data from being stolen or mishandled (Rouse, 2013). There are two ways of encryption i..e symmetric and asymmetric. The former method of encryption is an easy and a faster one wherein a common key is used for both encryption as well as decryption of information. The said key can be any numeric value, alphanumeric or a word which is used to alter the text of the message being sent in a specific manner. But since the sender and receiver of message are aware of the key they can easily decode the message. However the biggest drawback of the said method encryption is the fact that the key has to be exchanged between the two parties in a secret manner so that the same is not leaked (Bisht Singh, 2015). However an asymmetric method of encryption offers two different keys for encoding and decoding messages. A public key is used for encoding the text message whereas a private key is used for decoding the same at the other end. Thus unlike the symmetric cryptography, the said method is slow due to heavy computational load. The most widely used symmetric keys are DES,3DES, AES and RC4 and asymmetric keys ar e Diffie-Hellman and RSA. Due to the same, the symmetric method is used for transmitting huge volumes of information whereas the asymmetric methodology is applied for interchanging confidential keys (Higashi, 2013). The main strong point for using asymmetric method of encryption is that it has the potential to sustain a safe channel above the unsafe mode such as the internet. The same happens by sharing only the public keys which used only for encryption and the private keys used for decryption is not exchanged thus ensuring greater amount of safety in comparison to the symmetric mode of cryptography. However both methods can be attacked by criminals. Brute-force attack is one of the most common method of attacking and braking through a symmetric encryption system wherein all the possible combinations are tried using a trial and error method. Therefore to ensure that such an attack is prevented successfully, the key size should be adequately long thus presently the AES algorithm of 256- bit key is found to be one of the most secured amongst all. When it comes to attacking a symmetric cryptosystem, the most successful way to intervene into a RSA system is through the method of factoring of RSAs p ublic module which is a huge number string. Presently, for implementing a RSA system, 2048 bit key is said to be the most secured and more highly confidential data such as national security information, a 4096 bit key is said to be the safest although very expensive (Triparthi, Agarwal, 2014). Thus on comparing the two systems it can be construed that although both the methods are safe yet have their own usability and hence depending on the usage, the choice of cryptography should be made else it would turn out to be very expensive. Importance of the security of the network cannot be under estimated as presently this is the most crucial requirement. Various techniques have been used for ensuring that the data is being kept in safe and secure manner. One of the most talked about method is the Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS). Various algorithms and techniques have been found out and developed which can discover and fight against the various security threats. However, NIDS has been the most success amongst many. A NIDSs main goal is to sense the potential invasions into the system such as through any unlawful acts or via viruses thus signalling the required people about such a mishap (Zuech et.al. 2015). It keeps vigilance over the data packets being exchanged via a particular network thus keeping a track of the suspicious data being sent. A bigger NIDS can be installed on the links of the backbone network so as to keep a check on all exchanges happening and also it can be setup on the centralised or the mains server which would scan all the data, find out any malicious acts and thus ensure data reliability is maintained (Kumar, 2007). However, the current trends show some issues in the NIDS. One of the major limitations is the problem of raising alarms when not needed. Many a times it raises an alarm for such traffic which is not harmful to the system. However the NIDS can be reconfigured so as to deal with the said problem to some extent but not in totality. Further to this, in order to keep a record of the TCP/IP connection, the main network must ensure to keep a track of all single TCP/IP envelopes (Lohiya et.al. 2015). But there may be a situation when a particular TCP envelop gets reordered or mingled wherein the receiver end may have to reorder the entire packet with the help of a packet sequence number. In such a case attacks such as tear drop try to confuse the procedure of reassembling the stream by forming a cushion spread out with the help of malicious packets or envelops. Unfortunately the main packet does not look any different from an ordinary one so much the system fails to find out the said attack. The current issues related to NIDS has made it a compulsion for the increased interference of the human communication for effective operations. Although NIDS has the potential of connecting the various attacks on various machines in a particular network system but at the same time it lacks in determination of the main procedures which is happening on the main system (Sharma Kaur 2014). Thus the said report highlighted in a very brief and crisp manner what a NIDS is and the current issues. Yet it would be incorrect to say that NIDS has no future since it offers an array of methods to protect the system from various vulnerabilities. However the successful futures without much glitches lies in the fact that the said system of detection should be standardised. References: Kumar,S. (2007). Survey of Current Network Intrusion Detection Techniques. Retrieved from https://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/cse571-07/ftp/ids/ Lohiya,R. Varma,P. Patel,Y. (2015). Current Trends in Network Intrusion Detection Techniques. International Journal of Computer Sciences Communication Networks. 5(2). 72-78 Sharma,M. Kaur,T. (2014). A Study on Network Intrusion Detection Based on Poractive Mechanism. International Journal of Emerging Research in Management Technology. 3(1). 9-15 Zuech,R. Khoshgoftaar,T.M. Wald,R. (2015). Intrusion detection ad Big Heterogeneous Data: a Survey. Journal of Big Data. 2(3). Retrieved from https://journalofbigdata.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40537-015-0013-4 Bisht,N. Singh,S. (2015). A Comparative Study of Some Symmetric and Asymmetric Key Cryptography Algorithms. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering and Technology. 4(3). 1028-1031 Higashi,M. (2013). Symmetric vs Asymmetric Encryption Which Is Best?. Retrieved from https://www.ciphercloud.com/blog/cloud-information-protection-symmetric-vs-asymmetric-encryption/ Rouse,M. (2013). Encryption. Retrieved from https://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definition/encryption Triparthi,R. Agarwal,S. (2014). Comparative Study of Symmetric and Asymmetric Cryptography Techniques. International Journal of Advance Foundation and Research in Computer. 1(6). 68-76 Conteh,N.Y. Schmick, P.J. (2016). Cybersecurity: risks, vulnerabilities and countermeasures to prevent social engineering attacks. International Journal of Advanced Computer Research. 6(23). 31-38 Kumar,A., Chaudhary,M. Kumar, N. (2015). Social Engineering Threats And Awareness : A Survey. European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology. 2(11). 15-19 Perlman,M. (2014). 8 Tips to Prevent Social Engineering Attacks. Retrieved from https://lightcyber.com/8-tips-to-prevent-social-engineering-attacks/ Rader, M.A. Rahman, S.M. (2013). Exploring Historical And Emerging Phishing Techniques And Mitigating The Associated Security Risks. International Journal of Network Security Its Application. 5(4). 23-41