Introduction to Sociology: The Concept of Deviance Essay

Understanding that society has unavoidably essential impacts on what is regarded degenerate or not fundamentally decreases the disarray that flourish concerning the subject. This paper presents this suspicion and accentuates the relevant works of a few specialists in the field. Ahmad and Rosenhan in their different treatises attempt to advance persuading confirmations and contentions with regards to their particular positions. Basically, this paper clarifies the remain of Ahmad and the revelations and ends drawn by the trial performed by Rosenhan. Culture, statement of faith or strict influences unavoidably are essential to the conduct of individuals which might be the benchmarks with which individuals base their activities, dynamic and decisions (Navada, 2009). II. Part 2 SUMMARY AND ANALYSIS The accompanying inquiries will support the peruser and understudy to make target decisions on a few key issues with respect to their attitude toward issues. The thought is that abnormality as indicated by society’s directs can and will represent the deciding moment certain methods of living, likely driving even to the obliteration of various individuals as the culprits would see their casualties. Ahmad seems splendid with respect to how he sought after the contentions concerning the legitimacy of the West’s claims about who are psychological oppressors. The substance of his article was that the issue with society is that it has no perpetual meaning of an idea specifically. In the issue of psychological warfare, when it happened that a gathering of individuals or a nation esteemed another lesser persuasive as far as politicking, at that point the more compelling or ground-breaking an individual is, the more he or his gathering establishes the pace of profound quality and morals: what is good and moral rely on the level of insatiability and narrow-mindedness of people. Rosenhan shows that being crazy can't be really controlled by whatever instrument or device, or by what is directed as the â€Å"normal bend. † The sort of study he made was a top to bottom one and brings rude awakening to the individuals truly associated with psychological sickness and reestablishing wellbeing. There were numerous perceptions that to be sure were substantial including the way that grave obligation lies with the leader of these emergency clinics or associations whose demonstrating or model mean passing or life, recuperation or genuine madness for the individual patient. 1. Ahmad’s Article The perspective of Ahmad (1998) concisely portrayed in his article Terrorism: Theirs and Ours' must be perused with as much as the evacuation of hued â€Å"glasses† which might be an obstacle as to getting this author’s perspective. It implies that sifting his thoughts through one’s individual inclinations and point of view may not be a generally excellent thought by any means. Or maybe, a Jewish individual with his own contentions should most likely imagine first that he is along the edge of the essayist and later interpretation of his personality and perspectives (Ahmad, 1998). What is the author’s point recorded as a hard copy the paper? Ahmad essentially expresses that psychological warfare relies totally upon who’s profited by the activity particularly in amazing scale (Ahmad, 1998). On account of Palestine and Israel, and on the world’s stage, fear based oppression can't be credited as such for whatever length of time that the West, for example, the United States stays in such a grandiose situation as a superpower. Their strength and clout spell domain and their own meaning of what fear mongering. Contemporary milieu shows that since the Palestinian individuals are not on the American side as indicated by Ahmad, at that point this specific gathering of individuals has no state; and at whatever point they wage war, it isn't named as a nationalistic battle. Or maybe, it is fear mongering. Ahmad additionally implied that America and its relationship to persuasive countries can be viewed as sham and the showcase of worry as act (Ahmad, 1998). How does the creator demonstrate his point? The utilization of rationale or potentially deductive thinking was the means by which the creator Ahmad attempted to convince his crowd (Ahmad, 1998). What proof do they use to demonstrate their point? Ahmad made sure that recorded proof backings his contentions well. He used the news and article cuts and different sources to advance the charges that during the occasions that Israel was not yet a State, Jewish uprisings were acceptably known as psychological warfare. Confirmations from print interchanges at that point pivoted which made Palestinian revolts as works of fear mongers (Ahmad, 1998). What do their discoveries state about abnormality and society all in all? Ahmad’s contentions just set that abnormality is directed by governmental issues and force (Navada, 2009; Ahmad, 1998). The reality in some random society, the belief system that pervades is one that is held by those in places of power, riches and influence. On account of the presence of the Jewish State or that of the Palestinian character, he contends that in their separate â€Å"reigns† these two races the rise of the term fear mongering is characterized by the perspective of each. At the point when the Palestinians were involving the spot, Jewish reformers or the Jewish want for a nation spoke to a danger and was portrayed as psychological oppression; their pioneers, called fear based oppressors. Aberrance, typicality, or anomaly are terms characteristically basic to society as the meaning of the terms lays on the individuals overseeing an especially society or establishment. It is most likely right to think and reach inferences that Mr. Ahmad is correct concerning this perspective (Ahmad, 1998). In any case, it is totally something else when fear keeps on being created in different spots of the world by the immense system built up by individuals of comparative influences. It would be completely shortsighted to think along carefully along the line of believed that Mr. Ahmad was thinking (Ahmad, 1998). The universe of people is in many cases erratic, changing and wondrously energizing. Be that as it may, when these characteristics become very strange and agonizingly inconvenient, people become wiped out and stressed over how much can different people bear to perpetrate hurt against them. Self destruction bombarding is, if not the most, one of the most frightful acts anyone can submit. It is through and through insane and idiotic. One must be adjacent to the ordinary to be engaging such an idea at the top of the priority list. Incidentally, fan who have submitted and endeavored self destruction bombings before, were esteemed ordinary until the day when the execution of their definitive plans were made open whether thwarted or finished. Individuals who are burdened with mental turmoil may, as others, travel for similar reasons †excursion, visiting companions or family members, business, amusement, and once in a while for strict or otherworldly center (Miller and Zarcone, 1968). Others surely may go for reasons other than the typical †for reasons activated by deformed mental state, for example, the men who did the 911 assault of the Twin Towers in New York. Along the 911 assault, self destruction shelling through airplane came to unmistakable quality bringing about the blending of the mindfulness among the worldwide open of the way that the ordinary voyager probably won't be that â€Å"regular† at any rate. It is likely that some of them are driven by over the top annoyance or propelled by utopic trust as educated in the networks wherein they have vowed their life loyalty (Silke, 2003). 2. Rosenhan research What is the author’s point recorded as a hard copy the paper? Rosenhan’s advancement (1973) in mental establishments was an extremely fascinating and mysteriously crude to the psyches of figures or individuals who are in helping calling (Rosenhan, 1973). It is basic and contributes a touchy fiber to a tremendous foundation that obliges psychological maladjustment. There might be provisos with respect to how the examination was done including moral issues to human cooperation however the outcomes and the techniques were â€Å"loudspeakers† and are viewed as noteworthy to naming and the finding of the dysfunctional behavior (Rosenhan, 1973). How does the creator demonstrate his point? Rosenhan demonstrated his point by immediate and firsthand encounters of individuals who were members in the examination (Rosenhan, 1973). What proof do they use to demonstrate their point? With the exhaustive treatment of information got from these individual participant’s perceptions, he made speculations and ends concerning the state or state of the Mental Institutions, the capacities and proficiency of Mental Health Professionals were being referred to. His discoveries which were steady to an enormous degree with a large number of his volunteers’ perceptions push the issue of legitimate determination and marking, utilization of demonstrative standards, the capacities and capabilities and hard working attitudes of individuals rehearsing in the psychological well-being field to the front and posture as challenge to the sort of calling being taken care of here (Rosenhan, 1973). What do their discoveries state about abnormality and society all in all? Explicit things watched particularly critical to causing speculations in the order to incorporate the period of time that medical attendants, specialists and above all, the therapists and analysts go through with patients. By exact proof basis alone, the training radically misses the mark on this angle. In the territory of conclusion and ensuing intercession quantifies, the underlying appraisals, depiction viewpoint assume a significant job henceforth can never be consigned to a minor spot in the training. Psychological maladjustment at that point or aberrance so far as that is concerned depends on numerous issues brought out in the trial (Rosenhan, 1973; Navada, 2009). III. REFERENCE PAGE Ahmad, Eqbal (1998). 'Terrorism:Theirs and Ours. ' Accessed June 13, 2009 online at http://www. sangam. organization/ANALYSIS/Ahmad. htm Gordon, Harvey, Mike Kingham, Tony Goodwin (2004).. Air travel by travelers with mental turmoil. Mental Bulletin 28:295-297. The Royal College of Psychiatrists. Jourad, Sydney (1963). Individual Adjustment. second Ed. New York: MacMillan Company. Navada, Marianne Ryan-Go (2009). Standards of Sociology; Chapter 8, pp. 1-4. Gotten to June 13, 2009 online at http://book. gonavada. com/html/Chap

Cell Structure (Bio slp Mod 1) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cell Structure (Bio slp Mod 1) - Essay Example Furthermore, most of prokaryotes are unicellular with an exemption of a couple of, for example, cyanobacteria while eukaryotes are multicellular. These are single-celled prokaryotic creatures that vary from microbes and eukaryota from various perspectives. Their size and shape take after that of microorganisms however contain qualities and metabolic procedures like those in eukaryotes. In contrast to microorganisms, some archaea have sporadic shapes. These are prokaryotic living beings that get their vitality from inorganic sources. They are partitioned into two significant gatherings; ammonium oxidizing microscopic organisms (AOB) that oxidize alkali to nitrite, and nitrate oxidizing microbes (NOB), which oxidize nitrite to nitrate. Instances of the AOB bunch are the Nitrosomonas Sp while Nitrobacter Sp have a place with the NOB gathering. These are chemolithotrophs microorganisms that use ammonium as a wellspring of vitality. They oxidize smelling salts to nitrite. Models incorporate the Nitrosomonas, Nitrosococcus, Nitrosospira, and Nitrosolobus species. Gram negative microorganisms are microbes that have a dainty peptidoglycan (polymer) lattice, which includes the cell layer of the creature. Thusly these microorganisms don't hold the precious stone violet color utilized in gram recoloring procedure. Then again, gram positive microscopic organisms contain a thick layer of this polymer grid, subsequently hold the essential stain in gram recoloring giving them purple appearance. These are natural mixes comprising of carbon and hydrogen components. These mixes are inexhaustible in nature and happen for the most part as unrefined petroleum. Hydrocarbons, accordingly, are the primary wellspring of vitality promptly accessible as a burnable fuel. This is a logical examine that utilizes the utilization of live living beings to decide the organic movement of a test substance. These tests are helpful in researching the impacts (harmfulness) of a component accidently presented in a biological system. For example, the impact

Sustainability Education Provides a Reason to Hope COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Sustainability Education Provides a Reason to Hope COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog SIPA Professor Steve Cohen recently authored a piece which appeared in the Huffington Post. The full article is here and a short excerpt is below.   You can also find an interview with Professor Cohen concerning our Energy and Environmental Studies program by clicking here. While oil continues to ooze into the Gulf of Mexico and the climate bill remains stalled in the Senate, I might be delusional, but I am feeling optimistic about our planets prospects. It helps to work at a university, and it especially helps to participate in graduation ceremonies like the ones I attended here at Columbia this past week. While this years job market remains tough for our graduates, it is not nearly as horrific as the market faced by the class of 2009. The energy and idealism of our graduates is infectious and should be a source of hope for everyone.

Hope and the American Dream Portrayed in Fitzgeralds The...

â€Å"The Great Gatsby†, written by F. Scott Fitzgerald, portrays a world filled with rich societal happenings, love affairs, and corruption. Nick Carraway is the engaged narrator of the book, a curious choice considering that he is in a different class and almost in a different world than Gatsby and the other characters. Nick relates the plot of the story to the reader as a member of Gatsby’s circle. He has ambivalent feelings towards Gatsby, despising his personality and corrupted dream but feeling drawn to Gatsby’s magnificent capacity to hope. Using Nick as a moral guide, Fitzgerald attempts to guide readers on a journey through the novel to illustrate the corruption and failure of the American Dream. To achieve this, Nick’s credentials as†¦show more content†¦His narrating is very open and he brilliantly sets up the story. But Nick’s credentials as a trustworthy narrator continue to be reinforced throughout the story, as a way of reass uring readers that Nick remains decent while the rest of the characters continue on their downfall. The meeting with Jordan Baker causes Nick to once again mention the topic of honesty. When he learned of her cheating in a golf tournament, Nick declared, â€Å"She was incurably dishonest† pg 58. This manifests a contrast between Jordan and Nick when a few lines later he says of himself â€Å"I am one of the few honest people that I have ever known.† Pg 59. Nick let his honesty shine through when he admitted to himself that Jordan was a very selfish, greedy, and cynical person, but he loved her nonetheless. He did not feel the need to lie to himself and the readers in order to make Jordan sound amiable. Such an act shows that Nick remains unchanged even in the presence of a charming and rich lady. 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The Bitter Truth A Brief Look at Lying - 688 Words

The Bitter Truth From the moment we learned to speak, our parents taught us that we should be honest. Most people don’t seem to follow this teaching since everyone lies in one way or another. Bella DePaulo, a professor who’s studied the phenomenon of lying, conducted an experiment on one hundred forty-four people. They were instructed to record every lie they told in a journal for a week. Only seven people claimed to have told no lie (â€Å"It’s the Truth†). Honesty is a moral duty, which can only be disobeyed in certain situations. What exactly is a â€Å"lie†? A lie is â€Å"an intentional untruthful declaration to another person† as defined by the eighteenth century German philosopher, Immanuel Kant (qtd. in Bok). This untruthful declaration harms everyone involved in the situation, including the liar. 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To what extent and in what ways is Fitzgerald purely critical of Gatsby Free Essays

string(46) " off as much of his material worth as he can\." Dreams are a large part of â€Å"The Great Gatsby†, both in the wider sense and in terms of individuals, and Gatsby is the character whose dream is focussed on the most. It is difficult to tell what Fitzgerald truly thinks, due to the fact that he uses Nick as the narrator – meaning the reader finds it hard to separate their feelings. However, by looking at how he presents the characters in the novel, and the society as a whole, we can perhaps see what Fitzgerald thinks about Gatsby’s dreams in the novel. We will write a custom essay sample on To what extent and in what ways is Fitzgerald purely critical of Gatsby? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Fitzgerald’s views are presented ambiguously in the novel, with the comparison to the rest of society being the main point against the title views, and the presentation of Daisy and materialism perhaps being the main arguments to support the statement in the title. One way in which Fitzgerald shows his views to the reader is in his presentation of Gatsby’s dream itself, otherwise known as Daisy. From the beginning of the novel, she is presented by Fitzgerald as a rather annoying, simple character who seems to have very few redeeming qualities about her other than her looks. From her simple and repeated dialogue â€Å"Do you always watch for the longest day of the year and then miss it? I always watch for the longest day of the year and then miss it†, the reader is made to feel that Daisy has very little substance to her character, with the exception of her â€Å"low, thrilling† voice. Despite the reader having a screen in front of Fitzgerald’s viewpoint in terms of Nick as the narrator, who clearly Fitzgerald intends to show as somewhat drawn to Daisy, we are still able to see that the only characteristics of Daisy’s that are praised seem to be superficial. Therefore, when we are told that this woman has been Gatsby’s dream and who he has built his life around for the past five years, it perhaps makes us question whether Fitzgerald is trying to portray Daisy as worthwhile of this dedication. This doubt arises I feel that if Fitzgerald was applauding Gatsby’s dream of Daisy, he perhaps may have presented her as a more likeable, intelligent character with qualities that could easily be admired universally. As a result of this portrayal of Daisy, I believe it shows Fitzgerald to be mainly critical of Gatsby and his dream. However, this could depend on the era that the individual is based in – readers today could find Daisy as more of an annoyance due to the change in women’s roles, in that today women are far more independent and take far more responsibility than they did in the 1920’s. Daisy’s apparent simple nature may therefore annoy modern readers more than in the past as we are less able to understand that this was how women were expected to be in the 1920’s. Nevertheless, even taking these time changes into account I believe that Fitzgerald still intended Daisy to appear perhaps lacking in typical good qualities to highlight a potential point about Gatsby’s dream. However, Daisy’s apparent lack of appeal as a character could be used by Fitzgerald to portray Gatsby’s dream in a better light, if we look from the angle of his loyalty to Daisy. The way that Gatsby has stayed so faithful and loyal to his dream to be with Daisy, despite (in our eyes) the fact that she is not worth it, could show that Fitzgerald is praising his dream as a cause of this admirable quality in Gatsby’s character. This would go against the statement that Fitzgerald is purely critical of his dreams, as it would imply that they bring out the best in people. However, the other interpretation of Gatsby’s loyalty could support the title statement, as Fitzgerald at times implies that Gatsby is foolish for holding on to the memory of Daisy, and building her up to such a high status in his mind. An example of this is when Fitzgerald writes â€Å"and forever wed his unutterable visions to her perishable breath†. Although it is implied that it is Gatsby who says the words, I still believe it shows Fitzgerald’s dislike of Gatsby’s attitude towards Daisy by making the phrase so exaggerated – it implies that he is blinded by his past perceptions of her, in addition to the actual phrase that seems to imply Gatsby is foolish for putting all his hopes into someone who could leave him. I believe that in this way Fitzgerald is criticising Gatsby’s dream because of how he holds it in his mind and how it affects him. Another aspect that could show that Fitzgerald is critical is how he links Gatsby’s dream of Daisy to material objects and status. Throughout the novel, he creates the impression that these two things are intertwined in Gatsby’s mind with his dream of being with Daisy. He describes her voice as â€Å"full of money†, and shows off his house to her, lingering on his wardrobe with the â€Å"pile of shirts [†¦ ] in many coloured disarray†. The first quote shows how Gatsby links Daisy with money in his mind, and as a result of this Fitzgerald makes the reader question whether it is really Daisy he wants or if it is the social status that she represents to him. The close link to materialism in his dream can also be seen in the section where Gatsby shows Daisy his shirts, where he is literally trying to prove himself to her using what he owns. They are even described as a â€Å"rich heap†, which I believe could be a play on words by Fitzgerald – obviously â€Å"rich† in terms of the colours of the shirts, but also literally â€Å"rich† as perhaps this is what the shirts mean to the characters. The description is also given as a list – the frequent repetition of the word â€Å"and† in the paragraph also implies that Gatsby is showing off as much of his material worth as he can. You read "To what extent and in what ways is Fitzgerald purely critical of Gatsby?" in category "Papers" I think both of these things are a criticism of Gatsby’s dream by Fitzgerald, as it seems as if he is trying to say that this love he has had for Daisy all these years is really fuelled by status and money – a criticism because it therefore becomes even less of a worthwhile dream. It also appears to be critical as these links would imply that Gatsby has spent all this time chasing after a somewhat empty dream, as he has money and a certain amount of status in his community. It could also give the impression that Fitzgerald feels that Gatsby may never feel that his dream has been completely fulfilled if it is status that he wishes to have. This point could be linked to Fitzgerald’s overall views about dreams in America at that point, as he could be trying to say that these people who think that material objects and status will make them happy (perhaps those people who were or are enticed by a vision of the American Dream) will never be truly happy as there will always be somebody richer, more popular or at a higher status than themselves. If the reader links this point to Fitzgerald’s feelings about Gatsby’s dream, it would indicate that he is critical of it for the most part. A second quote that could show that Fitzgerald is critical of this intense build-up of dreams is on page 93; â€Å"No amount of fire or freshness can challenge what a man can store up in his ghostly heart†. I believe that this quote is Fitzgerald telling the reader that what is there in reality can never match our dreams – in Gatsby’s case, that the real life Daisy can never live up to the image he has stored of her in his heart and mind, the realistic approach being represented by the â€Å"fire† and â€Å"freshness†. Again, I believe that this is also referring to dreams in general, and how it is so often the case that dreams are not always so amazing in reality, and can often disappoint – and could perhaps be a specific reference to the â€Å"American Dream† and how, for many people, this is not as amazing as it is built up to be when achieved. This seems critical from Fitzgerald, both of Gatsby’s dream and of dreams universally as he appears to be making the point that dreams are often built up and aimed too high – perhaps giving false hope. Although there are many aspects throughout the book that indicate Fitzgerald is solely critical of Gatsby’s dream, by giving us the comparison to the rest of the East Coast society, parts of the novel seem to be suggesting that this is not the case. Throughout the novel, the residents of the East and West Eggs have been presented by Fitzgerald as very materialistic – living for objects, and trivial gossip, rather than people or feelings. Mrs Wilson describes how she knew Mr Wilson wasn’t right for her when she discovered he had â€Å"borrowed somebody’s best suit† to get married in – showing the focus on objects rather than feelings in the society. Therefore, amongst the gossiping and whispering (for example at Gatsby’s parties), to have Gatsby focused on someone and loyal to someone for an extended period of time makes for a very refreshing comparison. Fitzgerald is therefore showing to the reader how having dreams can make you a better person, and almost more real in comparison to the rest of the society, which has been portrayed as somewhat fake by Fitzgerald. In this sense, it would go against the statement that Fitzgerald is purely critical of Gatsby’s dream, as this seem to be a positive side to his dreams. Another element of the novel that could be seen to contradict the title statement is also a comparison between Gatsby and the rest of the East Coast society. We are shown throughout the novel how many of the residents do not seem to care about anything, anyone or consequences of their actions. An example of this is Jordan, who confesses to Nick that she feels she can avoid being careful whilst driving because â€Å"other people will keep out of† her way. This shows a disregard for the consequences of her actions and of other people and can be seen to be representative of many of the upper class people on the East Coast – expecting everyone else to comply with the rules and regulations but disregarding them themselves. Again, in this way Gatsby is definitely a contrast – he obviously cares about something, which is the first main difference that I believe Fitzgerald wants us to see. In addition to this, Gatsby has been shown to think very carefully about the consequences of his actions – for example when he re-enters Nick’s house after Daisy arrives to make it appear as if he has not been waiting. Whilst this could be seen as somewhat calculating, I believe Fitzgerald intended it as another comparison to the rest of society, as it again uplifting for the reader to see that at least one character is concerned about the effect his actions might have on others. This once more shows that the effect of Gatsby having a bigger dream and ambition in his life has led to him seemingly being portrayed as a better person. This aspect of the comparison would also contradict the title statement, as to me it seems that Fitzgerald wished for this positive difference to be shown – meaning that he would not be purely critical of Gatsby’s dreams. A view that Fitzgerald seems to put across to contradict the belief that he is purely critical is when he links dreaming and dreams to vitality and life. More than once in the novel he describes Gatsby in terms of the life Daisy seems to give him – describing the â€Å"colossal vitality† of his dream and the two of them as â€Å"possessed by intense life†. Both of these quotes seem to imply that Fitzgerald dreaming is natural, and is almost what makes you human. More specifically, the way that Fitzgerald implies that reaching his dream has given Gatsby life makes it seem as if we are completed by our dreams and that finally having Daisy in his life has completed Gatsby. Considering that Gatsby has already what many people might dream of – a lot of money and a mansion, the fact that it has taken his sentimental dream based on feelings and love to give him life seems a very positive view from Fitzgerald. It also links to the earlier comparison between Gatsby and the rest of the East Coast society that we view, as this clearly shows that Gatsby puts more emphasis on emotions and feelings than many of the other people. These quotes from the book could possibly be taken as negative, as it could perhaps be seen as somewhat pathetic that Gatsby relies on somebody else (and, as mentioned earlier, particularly Daisy) to complete his happiness, meaning that Fitzgerald would perhaps view Gatsby as foolish. However, I believe that the way Fitzgerald has tried to make Gatsby’s dreams and feelings seem more natural are a direct pointer to how dreaming is a part of human nature, and as such, he is not criticising Gatsby’s dream at this point. Due to Fitzgerald’s seeming disregard for Daisy in the novel, I believe that he is critical of Gatsby’s dream to be with her. However, I believe the other aspects of his presentation linking to dreams in a wider context prevent this view from seeming as if he is purely critical of it – the way that he suggests dreams are important to human nature and separate Gatsby from the crowd imply that Fitzgerald finds dreaming admirable, to an extent. For him to be purely critical I believe that he would have to feel purely critical of dreaming in general, which I believe not to be the case. Therefore, I believe the conclusion that Fitzgerald is critical to an extent is far more feasible and takes into account the more positive aspects of dreaming that he seems to incorporate and believe in. How to cite To what extent and in what ways is Fitzgerald purely critical of Gatsby?, Papers

Network Intrusion Detection on Poractive Mechanism

Question: Discuss about the Network Intrusion Detection on Poractive Mechanism. Answer: Introduction: Before a detailed discussion about the issue of social engineering on the context of cyber security is done, it is very important to understand what social engineering connotes. It is a skill of manoeuvring individuals in such a manner that they end up compromising upon the private and secret information they possess. The kind of data that these hackers try to take out of the people is different and circumstantial. Generally these criminals are trying to ploy to get hold of passwords and bank account details or get an access to the system so as to inject malware and thus get a hold over ones system. Therefore criminals and attackers usually take recourse into social engineering methods as they find it easy to take advantage of the trust people entrust on a person. The biggest problem that can be understood is the blind trust that a person puts upon another thereby ending up disclosing such information which are highly confidential in nature ((Kumar et.al. 2015). Thus without knowing the background of a person thoroughly, if a person is being trusted then there are high chances of facing vulnerable consequences. There are various ways and means through which social engineering attacks in context to cyber security are being made. First and one of the easiest ways is by sending emails. If the attacker gets hold of an email password of a person, then he can get an access to the entire contact list as well and many a times a way to even hack the bank accounts as well. Thus once the hacker has a particular email id under his control then he may end up sending mails from that id to the people stored in the contact list containing such malicious software or illegitimate data such as asking for donation for a charitable trust(Conteh Schmick 2016). The attacker may send a link to the contact list people and they trusting the fact that it has come from their friend, may end up opening the same which would lead to giving access to the criminal to the other persons system as well. Second technique is known as phishing wherein the attacker usually sends mails, comments or such text messages that seem to have been sent via a lawful and trustworthy source. Such messages may contain information about any incident, or requesting for help or even making a person feel that he has won a lottery (Rader, Rahman, 2013). These two are the most common ways of attacking the peoples trust. There are various ways corroborated to deal with such social engineering cyber attacks. One of the most common is education and awareness. People should be educated and trained from time to time not to disclose their confidential data to anyone but only for themselves. Further data should not be shared via messenger or chats or phone calls to person they do not know or whose activities create suspicion in our minds. If any mail is being received from a person who is unknown, such mails should be immediately deleted or if it has come from a known source but seems to be unusual evsoftware. en then the same should not be clicked as it may be a malware attack. One should not click on links which mentions incorrect spellings or is not from the official website of the companies. Further to his one of the recent techniques adopted by various companies to deal with the issue of baiting is blocking of insertion of USB devices as baiting is known to be the digital equivalent of an online Trojan Horse wherein the criminals prompt illegal messages luring the users to plug in their USB devices and in turn hack the system (Perlman 2014). Lastly, the future of data hacking is so strong and detrimental that a twin authentication factoring is a must so as to make it very difficult for the attackers to become a part of the organizations IT system. Prior to understanding the meaning and schemes of symmetric and asymmetric encryption it is crucial to know the meaning of encryption. The said term is being used since ancient times for security purposes during war times. It basically is a procedure of encoding messages so as to fool the other parties. Thus in terms of information system it is rightly said to be a method of converting normal text data into such a form with the help of varying algorithms so that it is not understandable by any layman. Thus it is a methodology basically used for safeguarding confidential data from being stolen or mishandled (Rouse, 2013). There are two ways of encryption i..e symmetric and asymmetric. The former method of encryption is an easy and a faster one wherein a common key is used for both encryption as well as decryption of information. The said key can be any numeric value, alphanumeric or a word which is used to alter the text of the message being sent in a specific manner. But since the sender and receiver of message are aware of the key they can easily decode the message. However the biggest drawback of the said method encryption is the fact that the key has to be exchanged between the two parties in a secret manner so that the same is not leaked (Bisht Singh, 2015). However an asymmetric method of encryption offers two different keys for encoding and decoding messages. A public key is used for encoding the text message whereas a private key is used for decoding the same at the other end. Thus unlike the symmetric cryptography, the said method is slow due to heavy computational load. The most widely used symmetric keys are DES,3DES, AES and RC4 and asymmetric keys ar e Diffie-Hellman and RSA. Due to the same, the symmetric method is used for transmitting huge volumes of information whereas the asymmetric methodology is applied for interchanging confidential keys (Higashi, 2013). The main strong point for using asymmetric method of encryption is that it has the potential to sustain a safe channel above the unsafe mode such as the internet. The same happens by sharing only the public keys which used only for encryption and the private keys used for decryption is not exchanged thus ensuring greater amount of safety in comparison to the symmetric mode of cryptography. However both methods can be attacked by criminals. Brute-force attack is one of the most common method of attacking and braking through a symmetric encryption system wherein all the possible combinations are tried using a trial and error method. Therefore to ensure that such an attack is prevented successfully, the key size should be adequately long thus presently the AES algorithm of 256- bit key is found to be one of the most secured amongst all. When it comes to attacking a symmetric cryptosystem, the most successful way to intervene into a RSA system is through the method of factoring of RSAs p ublic module which is a huge number string. Presently, for implementing a RSA system, 2048 bit key is said to be the most secured and more highly confidential data such as national security information, a 4096 bit key is said to be the safest although very expensive (Triparthi, Agarwal, 2014). Thus on comparing the two systems it can be construed that although both the methods are safe yet have their own usability and hence depending on the usage, the choice of cryptography should be made else it would turn out to be very expensive. Importance of the security of the network cannot be under estimated as presently this is the most crucial requirement. Various techniques have been used for ensuring that the data is being kept in safe and secure manner. One of the most talked about method is the Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS). Various algorithms and techniques have been found out and developed which can discover and fight against the various security threats. However, NIDS has been the most success amongst many. A NIDSs main goal is to sense the potential invasions into the system such as through any unlawful acts or via viruses thus signalling the required people about such a mishap (Zuech et.al. 2015). It keeps vigilance over the data packets being exchanged via a particular network thus keeping a track of the suspicious data being sent. A bigger NIDS can be installed on the links of the backbone network so as to keep a check on all exchanges happening and also it can be setup on the centralised or the mains server which would scan all the data, find out any malicious acts and thus ensure data reliability is maintained (Kumar, 2007). However, the current trends show some issues in the NIDS. One of the major limitations is the problem of raising alarms when not needed. Many a times it raises an alarm for such traffic which is not harmful to the system. However the NIDS can be reconfigured so as to deal with the said problem to some extent but not in totality. Further to this, in order to keep a record of the TCP/IP connection, the main network must ensure to keep a track of all single TCP/IP envelopes (Lohiya et.al. 2015). But there may be a situation when a particular TCP envelop gets reordered or mingled wherein the receiver end may have to reorder the entire packet with the help of a packet sequence number. In such a case attacks such as tear drop try to confuse the procedure of reassembling the stream by forming a cushion spread out with the help of malicious packets or envelops. Unfortunately the main packet does not look any different from an ordinary one so much the system fails to find out the said attack. The current issues related to NIDS has made it a compulsion for the increased interference of the human communication for effective operations. Although NIDS has the potential of connecting the various attacks on various machines in a particular network system but at the same time it lacks in determination of the main procedures which is happening on the main system (Sharma Kaur 2014). Thus the said report highlighted in a very brief and crisp manner what a NIDS is and the current issues. Yet it would be incorrect to say that NIDS has no future since it offers an array of methods to protect the system from various vulnerabilities. However the successful futures without much glitches lies in the fact that the said system of detection should be standardised. References: Kumar,S. (2007). Survey of Current Network Intrusion Detection Techniques. Retrieved from https://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/cse571-07/ftp/ids/ Lohiya,R. Varma,P. Patel,Y. (2015). Current Trends in Network Intrusion Detection Techniques. International Journal of Computer Sciences Communication Networks. 5(2). 72-78 Sharma,M. Kaur,T. (2014). A Study on Network Intrusion Detection Based on Poractive Mechanism. International Journal of Emerging Research in Management Technology. 3(1). 9-15 Zuech,R. Khoshgoftaar,T.M. Wald,R. (2015). Intrusion detection ad Big Heterogeneous Data: a Survey. Journal of Big Data. 2(3). Retrieved from https://journalofbigdata.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40537-015-0013-4 Bisht,N. Singh,S. (2015). A Comparative Study of Some Symmetric and Asymmetric Key Cryptography Algorithms. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering and Technology. 4(3). 1028-1031 Higashi,M. (2013). Symmetric vs Asymmetric Encryption Which Is Best?. Retrieved from https://www.ciphercloud.com/blog/cloud-information-protection-symmetric-vs-asymmetric-encryption/ Rouse,M. (2013). Encryption. Retrieved from https://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definition/encryption Triparthi,R. Agarwal,S. (2014). Comparative Study of Symmetric and Asymmetric Cryptography Techniques. International Journal of Advance Foundation and Research in Computer. 1(6). 68-76 Conteh,N.Y. Schmick, P.J. (2016). Cybersecurity: risks, vulnerabilities and countermeasures to prevent social engineering attacks. International Journal of Advanced Computer Research. 6(23). 31-38 Kumar,A., Chaudhary,M. Kumar, N. (2015). Social Engineering Threats And Awareness : A Survey. European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology. 2(11). 15-19 Perlman,M. (2014). 8 Tips to Prevent Social Engineering Attacks. Retrieved from https://lightcyber.com/8-tips-to-prevent-social-engineering-attacks/ Rader, M.A. Rahman, S.M. (2013). Exploring Historical And Emerging Phishing Techniques And Mitigating The Associated Security Risks. International Journal of Network Security Its Application. 5(4). 23-41

Compare Shakespeares presentation of the characters Brutus and Mark Antony Essay Example

Compare Shakespeares presentation of the characters Brutus and Mark Antony Paper Julius Caesar was written in 1599, a time in which the monarchy was in power in Britain. Shakespeare would have to be very careful what to put in his plays; he had to stay in favour of the royalty. If for example, Brutus was portrayed as the overall hero for procuring the safety of Rome through the assassination of someone who was going to rule Rome as a monarchist, Shakespeare would have been in trouble. Therefore, he had to ensure that this assassination was seen as unnatural, something that unsettled the natural order of things. For this reason, he made the night before the assassinations one of strangeness and peculiarity: Men, all in fire, walk up and down the streets. And yesterday the bird o night did sit Even at noon-day upon the market place, We will write a custom essay sample on Compare Shakespeares presentation of the characters Brutus and Mark Antony specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Compare Shakespeares presentation of the characters Brutus and Mark Antony specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Compare Shakespeares presentation of the characters Brutus and Mark Antony specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Hooting and shrieking when these prodigies Do so conjointly meet let not men say These are their reasons, they are natural For I believe they are portentous things Unto the climate that they point upon. -Casca Shakespeare had also intended his portrayal of leadership to capture the audiences attention as England herself was having leadership issues at that period of time. Queen Elizabeth was old and she didnt have an heir. He links this in a way as the Julius Caesar depicted in the play also doesnt have an heir. His wife was shown as having conceivement problems. In Julius Caesar, Shakespeare has woven through important themes; the most prominent being friendship and leadership. Within these two themes, Brutus and Mark Antony show completely different stances. Their close friendship to Caesar makes them interesting to compare as they react in different ways to the apparent growing ambition of Caesar and afterwards, his death. It is their reactions, which allows Shakespeare to use them to make the audience contemplate on the themes of friendship and leadership. In friendship or personal matters, Brutus places state before self. He had considered Caesar a true friend: It must be by his death. And for my part, I know no personal cause to spurn at him But for the general. Brutus Brutus honestly held no personal grudge against Caesar. In spite of this, his values bound him to assassinating Caesar for what he believed to be the good of Rome. During his speech to the citizens of Rome, he justifies his assassination Caesar by saying :Not that I loved Caesar less, but I loved Rome more. Mark Antonys view however, is the complete opposite. He puts personal matters above state. However, Marks Antonys view on friendship isnt all that easy to interpret. On one hand, he is the loyal friend to Caesar, seeking revenge. From this point of view, he seems to be using himself as a medium to channel Caesars revenge upon the conspirators- And Caesars spirit, ranging for revenge, With Ate by his side come hot from hell Mark Antony and thus, why hes bring civil strife to Rome. On the other hand however, it may be that Mark Antony has always been after the power; yet clever enough to stay and work from the background. Before Act 3, he has never been an major character. On the contrary, he is one to be almost dismissed. Yet after his real arrival in scene 3, the audience begins to remember vital, albeit small roles he played earlier on. For example, he was the one who offered Caesar the crown at the Lupercal: I thrice presented him a kingly crown. From this, we can see that far from fearing that Caesar will rule Rome, he fully supports the idea. This could be due to the fact that if Caesar was the one who would be king, he, Mark Antony, in Caesars favour, would also be at the receiving end of this power. It can be said that before Caesars death, Mark Antony already had a perfect future secured for himself. He was the favourite of a man who was sighted to be the ruler of Rome and had nothing to worry about. In this circumstance then, he can be the Antony that revels long a-nights. But after Caesars death, he needs to work out how to get back into a position which is favourable. This is when the real Mark Antony, the consummate politician, comes into play. He then fights for the power, bringing civil strife upon Rome in the process. Its him against the conspirators and he doesnt care what stands in his way. He knows very well what civil war would bring about: over thy wounds do I prophesy- Domestic fury and fierce civil strife Shall cumber all the parts of Italy; Blood and destruction shall be so in use And dreadful objects so familiar That mothers shall but smile when they behold Their infant quartered by the hands of war. Mark Antony Shakespeare uses these words to conjure up vivid images. Phrases like infant quartered by the hands of war are meant to horrify and give an ominous feel for what is to come. When it comes to leadership, the contrast has never been clearer. Brutus does anything he thinks would benefit the state. He doesnt however, ever do anything that goes again his values. This is then his short coming. His greatest virtue brings about his downfall as it is his very idealism, his very naivetà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ that blurs his sight of his surroundings. He is only able to see a single path for himself, the one of goodness and purity. This then causes a problem as he cant see the alternative routes by which other men might take- ones that are not as scrupulous. For example, when Mark Antony asked to speak at Caesars funeral, he agreed. The politically astute Cassius strongly protested against this but Brutus said: What Antony shall speak, I will protest He speaks by leave and by permission Brutus Brutus at this point doesnt understand how this move would endanger their position politically. He doesnt get the fact that although he might be able to convince the Romans that they had done a the right thing by assassinating Caesar, Mark Antony would be able to turn that all around in an single speech because of his oratory skills. In a way, this is the pivotal point in which Brutus seals his fate. If he had not given Mark Antony this opportunity, Mark Antony would have never been able to even fight for the rule of Rome. The power would have been in the conspirators hands. Mark Antony works in an completely different way from Brutus. At points where Brutus is weak, Mark Antony is strong. He isnt exactly unscrupulous but he is able to spot, and then exploit the various short comings of other men. In this way, he is politically set up to go a long way. Again using the example of Act 3, Scene 1, Mark Antony appeals directly to Brutus for permission to speak at Caesars funeral by directing Brutus attention to providing reasons for Caesars death, to which he knows full well that Brutus will be the one who answers. Mark Antony does this as he is able to see that out of them all, Brutus naivetà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ and unconsciousness of underlying political meanings would be an trait to play on. He sees that Cassius would see through his ploy but Brutus wouldnt. Brutus wanted Caesar to have all true rites and lawful ceremonies. Comparing the inner selves of the two men through looking at the ways they treat people, Brutus is kind and caring, while Antony, cruel and manipulative. Examples depicting this would be Brutus asking his servants and guards to rest in his personal quarters (call Claudio ad some other of my men, Ill have them sleep on the cushions of my tent), Brutus and Antony purely and simply using Lepidus as someone to do his dirty work- ( [My horse] is a creature that I teach to fight, To wind, to stop, to run directly on, His corporal motion governed by my spirit; And in some taste is Lepidus but so.) -Mark Anthony A direct contrast of Brutus and Mark Antony can be made as Brutus refuses to kill Mark Antony along with Julius Caesar even as Cassius almost predicts the future by saying that Antony is a shrewd contriver. Brutus however, spared Mark Antony: Our course would seem too bloody, Caius Cassius, To cut the head off and then hack the limbs. -Brutus Mark Antony in contrast, isnt as merciful. He condemns his own sisters son to death at a meeting of the ruling triumvirs: He shall not live- look, with a spot I damn him. However, we cant say whether this is the real Mark Antony, someone whos cold and heartless. It might have just been sheer bravado which led him to utter those words. Mark Antony is able to read people in a way Brutus just simply cant. Mark Antony says as one of the closing lines, This was the noblest Roman of them all: All the conspirators, save only he, Did that they did in envy of great Caesar He only, in general honest thought And common good to all, made one of them. -Mark Antony Brutus didnt do as well with his interpretation of Mark Antony. This is yet again another shortcoming of Brutus that makes him vulnerable in politics. He is unable to peel back the masks that various figures in politics, especially Mark Antony, puts up. He assumes that Mark Antony wouldnt be a threat after Caesar was removed: And for Mark Antony, think not of him, for he can do no more than Caesars arm when Caesars head is off. -Brutus This was one his greatest faults of all. It ties in with his insistence in believing in the essential good of those around him. Similarities between the two characters are few but one of them is their ability to put aside or hide emotion. Both characters are stoic. Brutus doesnt grieve openly after Portias death. He says: Why, farewell Portia. We must die Messala With meditating that she must die once I have the patience to endure it now. -Brutus And after this point, he never mentions her again. This isnt normal behaviour nowadays. Mark Antony does the same after Caesars death. He allows himself a singular point over which he releases his pent up grieve and after that, Caesars name was never mentioned by him in mourning again. He does however use his emotions to his advantage. For example, at his meeting with the conspirators after the death of Caesar, he plays the role of an distraught, grieving friend to make Brutus believe that he only wanted to speak at Caesars funeral as a friend; and to try and make Cassius think that he was too embroiled in emotional turmoil at the time to be scheming for anything: That I did love thee, Caesar, O, tis true. If thy sprit then look upon us now, Shall it not grieve thee dearer than thy death To see thy Antony making his peace, Shaking the bloody fingers of thy foes- Most noble- in the presence of thy corse? Had I as many eyes as thou hast wounds, Weeping as fast as they stream forth thy blood It would become me better than to close In terms of friendship with thine enemies. -Mark Antony One other point of similarity between the two men was their skill at rhetoric. Both mens speeches after the assassinations of Caesar, made to move and sway the thinking of the crowd were amazing ones. For instance, Brutus used ordinary prose instead of the normal blank verse he used to speak to the people with the intention that it would be easier for him to get through to them. He also used plenty of rhetorical questions. If any, speak, for him I have offended. Who is here so rude that would not be a Roman? If any, speak for him I have offended. Who is here so vile that will not love his country? If any speak for him I have offended. I pause for a reply. Brutus His speech is simple, so simple that it pangs with it sincerity whereas, Mark Antonys on the other hand, is much more manipulative and devious. He starts off by saying that he wasnt going to praise Caesar and by saying that Brutus was an honourable man. His drift gradually changed though; and gradually steers the mass towards the idea that Brutus and the conspirators were to be punished. He slowly turns the tide, so as not to startle the crowd and to ruin his chances of winning them over. He works them up by dangling Caesars will under their noses and then pulling it away and refusing to read it to them. In this way, he manages to get the crowd up to a real state. Through their speech methods, we are able to see the differences in their characters Brutus speech is calm, and contained. His peace and tranquillity is meant to rub off onto the crowd whereas Mark Antonys is dramatic and fast flowing, meant to excite the crowd. And that does in a way, convey their characters. Mark Antony is able to detect subtleties in his opponents action and react accordingly to them. Hes like a chameleon, changing to suit the mood and aims of the people. Brutus doesnt have this particular trait, he is much more subdued and this shows through in his speech. Although hes not lacking in determination to get his point across, he isnt overt with his actions or dramatics. Another similarity they share is their love for Caesar. Mark Antony says: Caesar was mighty, bold, royal, and loving, . I feared Caesar, honoured him and loved him. Mark Antony Brutus said when he killed himself: I killed not thee with half so good a will -Brutus But even at this point of similarity, there is disparity. We can be certain that Brutus did love Caesar; but as for Antony, it can be said that he did indeed like Caesar. We cant however, be sure about his intentions where Caesar was concerned when he was alive. If the presentations of the characters are taken at face value, Mark Antony can be seen as the villain and Brutus, the tragic hero. However, one of Shakespeares themes is the relativity of goodness. Brutus assassinated Caesar allegedly for the good of Rome. And Brutus himself did believe in this a 100%. But nevertheless, this was betrayal. Caesar fell at his stab with the words: Et tu Brute?- Then fall Caesar!. Caesar said it perfectly. A friend whom he had trusted, completely and totally, was stabbing him. And this is perhaps, the most tragic thing of all. Mark Antony apparent stance is perfectly paraphrased by E.M Forster: If I had to choose between betraying my country and betraying my friend, I hope I should have the guts to betray my country. But, this view seems rather selfish. To be loyal to one friend, causing the downfall of the entire country seems to be almost securing your own future by compensating it with others. And yet, admiration cant be not shown as Marks Antony unwavering loyalty to Caesar is portrayed. Then again, admiration cant not be shown as Brutus places nation before self. Both stances require equal amounts of courage. Courage to betray your friend, and courage again, to betray your country.

Summary of the Holocaust Research Paper Example

Summary of the Holocaust Research Paper Example Summary of the Holocaust Paper Summary of the Holocaust Paper The word Holocaust conjures up for many a mixture of emotions. Of all the events that occurred in the past of injustice against humanity, the Holocaust has to be one of the most famous. It has been argued, and not without emotional indifference, that the Holocaust is not like other records in world and Jewish history. Its hard for one to grasp the horror of the Holocaust, especially in a time and place where one is taught about unity as a necessity for the future. Although no amount of sources such as books, movies, and even Holocaust survivors themselves can account for the true catastrophic impact this event had on the victims, we can learn about the consequences and significance of it. In order to understand the Holocaust, we must take into consideration the causes, effects, and the tragedy of the lives that were affected in a way that greatly impacted and forever changed the way the world viewed human nature. In the period of 1933 to the end of World War II, the Nazis, led by Adolf Hitler, attempted to liquidate the Jews and others who didnt fit the Aryan stereotype (Axelrod, 15). The Nazis called their scheme the Final Solution(Wood, 90). One of the end results of the Final Solution was the emergence horrible concentration and death camps. Over six million Jews were murdered, including 1. 5 million children. Furthermore, about five million non-Jews were killed, totaling to 11 million individuals wiped of the face of the earth. The Nazis and their collaborators had many methods, like the gas chambers, to exterminate a large amount of people quickly and efficiently. The obvious reason for the success of the Holocaust was because of the popular support the Nazis received. There were many factors that allowed for the rise of the Nazi Party and Hitlers dictatorship. First, there was much unrest among the people of Germany. The economy was devastated since it never recovered from World War I and the harsh demands of the Treaty of Versailles which made Germany pay $33 billion in reparations. Another reason was that the Germans were searching for someone or something to blame for their burdens of the humiliation after the war and extremist groups, such as the Nazis, provided an answer for the German people. This made Jews and other minorities an easy target as a scapegoat. This Anti-Semitism combined with the dysfunctional economy molded a pathway for the Nazi Party to rise in Germany. It is important to point out that Hitler and the Nazis came to power by the votes of ordinary people. The Great Depression hit Germany the hardest and the Nazi message appealed more than ever (Wood, 34). The countrys hunger, unemployment, and despair left the people looking for something to cling to- and the Nazi party was it. At first, there wasnt much support for the Nazis (Wood, 34). The other parties, although much larger, were much divided and therefore had a difficult time uniting and gaining support. The Nazi partys propaganda was easy to accept: It certainty offered hope, and its provision of a scapegoat was pleasing. Gradually, the Nazi increased their influence, especially with young people with things such as the youth movements, which became almost compulsory. In the aftermath of the Holocaust, people around the world were shocked by final scores of human losses, and the people responsible were punished for their inhuman acts in the Nuremburg Trials. The Holocaust is significant to many people today, and to an equal number of people means very little. It illustrates that we are still a society thats in the process of searching for knowledge in developing how we treat one another, whether it is for race or faith. The Holocaust stands out as the most current oppressive action against a religion and from this came the most notable phrase, never again. The Holocaust was a dark time in the history of the 20th century and we must remember it in order to keep alive the memories of those who suffered and lost their lives in this terrible event.

Trifles vs Ajury of her peers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Trifles vs Ajury of her peers - Essay Example â€Å"A Jury and Her Peers† on the other hand gives a lot of focus on the characters in the story compared to the objects. It has focused greatly focuses on Mrs. Peters and Mrs. Hales character( Gainor, 243 ). The story gives a lot of description that gives the reader deeper access into the minds of the character which would be hard to get by just watching the characters on stage. As such, the readers are able to focus more on the characters in the short stories and not object like in the play. Despite the fact that the male characters have been given less focus in the play and the story, we can see that the story gives greater depth in developing the male characters. This could be attributed to the narrative nature of a story where Susan describes the character in the short story in greater details opening the imagination of the reader (Gainor, 238). The reader also gets to know more about the male characters by reading the short stories compared to watching them act on stage in the

Classical And Scientific Schools Of Management Theory Essay - 26

Classical And Scientific Schools Of Management Theory - Essay Example The top management agrees on the objectives, and the strategies and tactics, to achieve the goals they set for the enterprise they lead, by employing a large workforce to produce the goods, and provide the services for consumers the world over. Management theory with the concern for how to get the most out of front-line workers in industrial and commercial concerns became very much a twentieth-century phenomenon. Earlier, following the industrial revolution, large concentrations of workers were needed in mills and factories to mass produce goods which replaced agricultural and craftwork hitherto produced in the small rural family or communal units. In those days the managers were authoritarian and tyrannical when slave labor or indentured labor including child labor at starvation wages could be deployed at the behest of the ruling, the capitalist class. The world has changed since, and owners of capital can no longer treat labor as a disposable commodity. Trade Unions, Communism, and universal education along with worldwide markets meant that the old methods of almost forced, the repetitive back-breaking labor of the ‘dark satanic mills’ could no longer be sustained. New disciplines like economics, psychology, and sociology sprang up. These social sciences were called upon to build theories of management and organizational behavior that would explain and help understand the dynamics of an ever more sophisticated and demanding workforce. Early theories of management exemplified by the work of Frederick Winslow Taylor (1911) had been described colloquially as the ‘carrot and stick’ approach. Taylor coined the term ‘scientific management’ for his theory which was later simply referred to as ‘Taylorism’. He sought to break down tasks to their simplest elements so that an assembly line robot could perform them without any need for thinking.

Analysis of Child Feeding and Care Practices in Certain Area

Analysis of Child Feeding and Care Practices in Certain Area INFANT AND YOUNG CHILD FEEDING AND CARE PRACTICES OF CAREGIVERS IN THE PROVINCE OF ALBAY, PHILIPPINES Joyce Louise Cruz Ignacio, RND Registered Nutritionist-Dietitian Summary of the present status of the study Description of the status of the research work The study has two basic objectives: 1) To assess the caregivers’ current Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) and care practices; and 2) To assess the nutritional status of the 0-24 month-old children in the province of Albay. As stated in the proposal, the study is composed of two phases. phase executed the process to meet the first objective of the study, whereas the second phase involved a carefully-designed capacity-building program for the community health and nutrition workers. The survey component of Phase 1 was conducted in the province of Albay from March 2014 to June 2014. It covered six of Albay’s municipalities Daraga, Camalig, Guinobatan, Oas, Libon, Malilipot, and Tiwi and three of its component cities Legazpi, Ligao and Tabaco – altogether creating a scope of 24 different barangays. 280 caregivers, all of whom were randomly selected via systematic sampling, participated in a two-day survey that used a pretested questionnaire to obtain the household and caregivers’ socio-economic and demographic information. That information included age, educational attainment, occupation, household income, household size and their hygiene and sanitation practices. Also recorded about infants and young children were their participation in health and nutrition programs, their access to health and medical services (e.g. immunization, deworming, micronutrient supplementation), their two non-consecutive 24-hour food recalls, the frequency and duration of their breastfeeding sessions, and their anthropometric measurements that were taken using a calibrated salter weighing scale and head board. Furthermore, six (6) Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), three for disaster-prone areas and three for non-disaster-prone areas in Albay, were conducted using a structured set of questions as a guide. Topics included in the FGDs were generally focused on the IYCF and care practices and their coping mechanisms during emergencies. Phase 1 of the study, now in its final component, is undergoing analysis of the following variables: socio-economic and demographic characteristics of the households and caregivers, hygiene and sanitation practices, participation in health and nutrition programs, access to health services, and dietary intake of children. It also evaluated their relationship with each other, and their impact on both existing IYCF and care practices and the nutritional status of 0-24 month-old children in the community. Respondents who either failed to complete the two-day data collection or have incomplete data and/or answers to the questionnaires administered will be excluded from the analysis of the study. The results of Phase 1 will serve as the empirical basis for the planning and implementation of Phase 2. Phase 2, the capacity-building component of the project, will render substantial inputs for the local government of Albay. This will not only aid in their development of appropriate programs, b ut also, through the advocacy of proper IYCF and care practices of caregivers, facilitate interventions on malnutrition in young children. The National Nutrition Council in the Bicol region (NNC-Bicol) and the local government of Albay have expressed great support and enthusiasm in the study. During the development of the study, they provided substantial insights and suggestions, all of which were incorporated in the final design of the study. They also helped in the planning and implementation of the data collection in the field. They directed me in the proper channels which made the facilitation of the data collection more effective and efficient. NNC-Bicol and the local government of Albay are continuously providing all the necessary assistance that will help in better understanding and analyzing gathered data. They have also been very committed all throughout the project and worked closely with me during the capacity building phase of my study. As originally proposed, the capacity building component of this study will supplement the existing guidelines and recommendations of the local government in Albay. Based on the initial communication with the regional and provincial nutrition office, there were several training sessions for the community health and nutrition workers, all of which focused on IYCF. However, there is a high turnover rate of community health and nutrition workers which can be attributed to several factors: 1) Community health and nutrition workers serve as volunteers so they spend a lot of their time with the community; 2) They have no salaries since the source of funds is unsustainable, and the idea of it destroys the spirit of volunteerism; and 3) Community health and nutrition workers, though mandated by law to be non-partisan, tend to be affiliated to specific political parties, which is why their posts may be filled by other volunteers when there are changes in political leadership in the community. Yet despite their selflessness in service, they are often taken for granted and underappreciated which lead them to leave their posts. High turnover rates of community health and nutrition workers often lead to the disruption of the co-worker’s relationships with the community and each other. When these workers leave their posts, the opportunity to build on their experience and further develop their skills through refresher training is lost. Due to these circumstances, the recommended course of action is to have a consultative meeting with the key persons in Albay in order to address the problem in sustaining said workers. However, realigning the concept and purpose of community health and nutrition workers is necessary before conducting any form of training. A strategic and concrete plan of action is also needed to answer questions hindering the sustainability of community health and nutrition workers. These may include about the most efficient way to monitor these workers, how turnover rates can successfully be reduced, and what incentive system should be used to ensure that community health and nutrition workers are properly motivated. Furthermore, training and retraining are recommended for the health and nutrition workers of the barangays covered in Phase 1. Continuous training has been known to be an essential prerequisite in effective community health and nutrition work, and is an important factor in retaining the motivation of workers. This latter part is crucial, especially in light of the short training periods available and the low levels of education of most workers. Retraining allows them to learn and develop new skills, take on new challenges, and interact with peers, keeping the job interesting as well as promoting personal development. Upon completion of Phase 1, strengths and weaknesses of the current IYCF will be identified, and incorporating findings of the study in the capacity building component can further strengthen the technical capacity of health and nutrition workers in the community. Firsthand knowledge and experience on the field will make them more equipped in planning, service delivery, and monitoring of existing IYCF programs. Publications No publication has been published based from this research study. Upon the completion of the project, I intend to submit a scientific journal article to publishers with international reputation for greater reach. Summary of the expenses during the report period Summary of the financial statement from the Administrative Offices of the University / Institution Enclosed in this first intermediary report is the Financial Statement as of August 22, 2014 from the University of the Philippines Los Banos Foundation, Inc. (UPLBFI, Inc.), which is certified corrected by the Accounting Supervisor Ms. Marilou C. Atanante and signed by Dr. Cecilio R. Arboleda, Director of UPLBFI, Inc. Gross salaries Breakdown of positions and salaries for the report period Breakdown of major equipment for the report period Breakdown of operating expenses during the report period 4.6 Breakdown of travel expenses for the report period Cont. 4.6 Breakdown of travel expenses for the report period Summary of budget for the report period (In the preferred currency and US $ for the total) GRAND TOTAL: PhP 425,658.19 / US $ 10,134.71 Intermediary to the Nestlà © Foundationpage 1

Humans and Nature: Treatment of Pollution with Technology Essays

Humans and Nature: Treatment of Pollution with Technology Humans are unable to live independent of nature. Human beings are forced to live by Mother Nature's rules. By destroying nature we are only destroying ourselves. But pollution does just that: it severely damages our natural environment, sometimes beyond recovery. The treatment of pollution is a complex science that has evolved greatly in the 20th century mostly due to the industrial environment we live in today. From the basic classification of today's pollution to developing a supplement to our ever so damaging fossil fuel, advances in technology have helped the human race protect the natural environment around us. Humans today create a wide range of pollution from basic trash to radio active petroleum. One of the first steps in implementing a plan to deal with pollution is to classify the wastes that are being dealt with. The primary purpose of a classification system is to facilitate understanding and simplify management of the multiple elements of a diverse system. A tension exists between two of the objectives of such a system: to simplify and have the least number of classes, and to include all the diverse categories to properly manage such a classification system.1 Since the nuclear age, focus on nuclear problems have centered more on the activities that generate nuclear waste than on the characteristics of the waste generated or on the disposal of those nuclear wastes. Often one would hear of the nuclear waste caused by a power plant, but never about the details of what type or even to what degree.2 The US Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) classified wastes based primarily on operational and handling concerns. The first legal distinction between different r... ...n Through Emission Controls (Not published) University of Dayton 1972. Found in Roesch Library. 2.) IL, American Nuclear Society. Glasstone, Sammuel. Nuclear Power and its Environmental Effects. La Grange Park. 3.) Lowenthal, Micah D. "Waste-acceptance criteria and risk-based thinking for Radioactive-waste classification." Waste Management 18 (1998) pp. 249-256. 4.) Kjaer, Bruel. Noise Control Principles and Practice. 1st ed. Sweden: Arbetarskyddsfonden. 5.) Seidel, Stephen, Dale Keyes. Can We Delay A Greenhouse Warming? 2nd (Corrected) ed. Washington D.C: Strategic Studies Staff, Office of Police Analysis, and Office fo Policy, Planning and Evaluation. 6.) Warith, M.A., K. Kennedy, and R. Reitsma. "Use of sanitary sewers as wastewater Pre- treatment systems." Waste Management 18 (1998) pp. 235-247.

Betrayal in the City Essay

Betray in the city novel over view FRANCIS IMBUGA was born 1947 in Wenyange village in western Kenya. He is a renowned Kenyan playwright, actor and producer. Betrayal in the City is a political play. The writer examines the problems of independence and freedom in post-colonial states in Africa. The play talks about military regimes that were common on the African continent after independence. Many of such regimes were later overthrown by coup de tats. Francis Imbuga’s major concern is betrayal at two levels, both at a personal and government level. Betrayal in the City shows a decay in morals, greed for power, material possessiveness and selfishness. Doga and Nina lament as they mourn their dead son, Adika. The old couple wishes to perform a ritual for their dead son. This effort is hampered by express directions from the government brought by Mulili and Jere claiming that ritual should not go on in the interest of peace; but Doga and Nina are adamant. Their only remaining son, Jusper, is imprisoned. This shows us what is happening in Kafira – the corruption, injustice and oppression of the people. Critics of the government are not tolerated. Jere and Mosese are henceforth put into prison over false charges. They both suffer the pain of the government’s betrayal. Jere painfully says: â€Å"When the madness of an entire nation disturbs a solitary mind, it is not enough to say the man is mad.† Government officials make use of any opportunity to make money through unfair means. Tumbo for instance declares Jusper the winner of the play writing competition and awards him the winner’s prize money. One third of the six hundred pounds to finance the play writing competition is given to Jusper and his girl friend, Regina; and the remaining two thirds to put records straight emphasizing that everything is being done in strict confidence. Despite all this Jusper vows to revenge someday even if it means going it  alone since he knows that a University student is not a very welcome person in Kafira and is looked at as a nuisance to society and a pest. Government officials first think of what they are going to benefit before deliberating on matters of state. What first preoccupies their mind is how much are they going to gain and that the size of the potato each is going to get should be directly proportional to what their chairman will get. Being a relative Boss gives Mulili a chance to despise his colleagues in service. Mulili falsely accuses Kabito knowing that Boss will believe what he says since he has been made to be his eyes and ears. He is also favoured by Boss in many ways. The semi-illiterate Mulili sometimes completely misunderstands what is said to him and yet threatens to act basing on the strength of that misunderstanding. Boss’ trust of those who advise him especially Mulili make him give unbearable directives to silence those presumably against his government including the simple old couple who were innocent. Boss also tries to take advantage of Regina forcefully. Such scandals speak unfavourably of the Head of State. Nicodemo and Tumbo discuss the state of affairs and how people are being killed: â€Å"we have no choice. Like caged animals, we move, but only inside the cage. It has become infectious-the desire to eliminate others†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This implies that there are serious consequences of criticizing the government’s plans. The play within the play, Betrayal in the City, brings about the desired change that everybody has been waiting for. The rehearsal for the play intended to entertain the visiting Head of state becomes a real confrontation arrived at effortlessly by Jusper, Mosese, and Jere; taking everyone by surprise.

Separation Anxiety Disorders And Children Essay - 1576 Words

Separation Anxiety Disorders in Parents and Children Christa Conrad Antelope Valley College Introduction to Psychology - PSY101 Professor Laurel Johnson Monday, November 14, 2016 Abstract The differences between Separation Anxiety Disorder (SAD) and the similar disorder, Attachment Anxiety Disorder, were examined to show that the disorders are alike. The causes of Separation Anxiety Disorder and the symptoms in which a child could be diagnosed were discussed. Following that, the treatments that were presently available and ways parents could do to counter the onset of this disorder were observed. Lastly, examples presented of the research studies were observed on a thirteen-year-old boy and a two-year-old pointer cross. Both examples showed how both mother and owner of the dog could figure out how the son and the dog were diagnosed and how they were treated. Separation Anxiety disorder Separation anxiety disorder is a condition that causes a child severe distress when away from the parents or the caregivers. Studies show that 4-5% of children and adolescents typically have this disorder. This paper will provide an overview of the present understandings of SAD. The information covered in this paper will include an example of a study for both a child and an animal. The areas examined will focus on the causes, symptoms, methods of diagnosis, ways to prevent it and the treatment currently available for this order. Separation Anxiety Disorder Vs.Show MoreRelatedEssay about Separation Anxiety Disorder Among Children and Adolescents 1320 Words   |  6 Pagesvarious symptoms of Separation Anxiety Disorder among children and adolescents, the refusal of children diagnosed with Separation Anxiety Disorder to go to school, and the treatments that are used to treat this disorder. 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